TY - JOUR
T1 - Emerging Concepts on the Gut Microbiome and Multiple Sclerosis
AU - Glenn, Justin D.
AU - Mowry, Ellen M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Mowry receives funding from Biogen Idec for investigator-initiated research; she is also site PI of 2 Biogen trials, aswell as of a trial sponsored by Sun Pharma. She receives free medication for a clinical trial from Teva Neuroscience.
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright 2016, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
PY - 2016/6
Y1 - 2016/6
N2 - Microbiota of the human body perform fundamental tasks that contribute to normal development, health, and homeostasis and are intimately associated with numerous organ systems, including the gut. Microbes begin gut inhabitance immediately following birth and promote proper gut epithelial construction and function, metabolism and nutrition, and immune system development. Inappropriate immune recognition of self-tissue can lead to autoimmune disease, including conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), in which the immune system recognizes and attacks central nervous system tissue. Preclinical studies have demonstrated a requirement of gut microbiota for neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease in animal models, and a growing number of clinical investigations are finding associations between MS status and the composition of the gut microbiota. In this review, we examine current undertakings into better understanding the role of gut bacteria and their phages in MS development, review associations of the gut microbiota makeup and MS, and discuss potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may be manipulated for therapeutic benefit.
AB - Microbiota of the human body perform fundamental tasks that contribute to normal development, health, and homeostasis and are intimately associated with numerous organ systems, including the gut. Microbes begin gut inhabitance immediately following birth and promote proper gut epithelial construction and function, metabolism and nutrition, and immune system development. Inappropriate immune recognition of self-tissue can lead to autoimmune disease, including conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), in which the immune system recognizes and attacks central nervous system tissue. Preclinical studies have demonstrated a requirement of gut microbiota for neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease in animal models, and a growing number of clinical investigations are finding associations between MS status and the composition of the gut microbiota. In this review, we examine current undertakings into better understanding the role of gut bacteria and their phages in MS development, review associations of the gut microbiota makeup and MS, and discuss potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may be manipulated for therapeutic benefit.
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U2 - 10.1089/jir.2015.0177
DO - 10.1089/jir.2015.0177
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27145057
AN - SCOPUS:84973316072
SN - 1079-9907
VL - 36
SP - 347
EP - 357
JO - Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research
JF - Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research
IS - 6
ER -