Efficacy calculation in randomized trials: Global or local measures?

Michael Emch; Mohammad Ali; Camilo Acosta; Mohammad Yunus; David A. Sack; John D. Clemens

doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.005

Efficacy calculation in randomized trials: Global or local measures?

Michael Emch, Mohammad Ali, Camilo Acosta, Mohammad Yunus, David A. Sack, John D. Clemens

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

This study tests whether the effect of a vaccine trial varies in space and why. Analytical z-score maps identify unusually high- and low-efficacy values in a trial area. Relationships between neighborhood efficacy and ecological variables are measured to explain why efficacy varies in space. Efficacy was found to vary regardless of neighborhood size and the variation is related to several ecological determinants. Local efficacy measures can help public health practitioners make better decisions about when and where to vaccinate populations. The concepts offered in this study are pertinent for any health intervention trial, not just vaccines.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	238-248
Number of pages	11
Journal	Health and Place
Volume	13
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.005
State	Published - Mar 2007
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Cholera
Herd immunity
Intervention trials
Neighborhood determinants
Spatial analysis
Vaccines

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Health(social science)
Sociology and Political Science
Life-span and Life-course Studies

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10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.005

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title = "Efficacy calculation in randomized trials: Global or local measures?",

abstract = "This study tests whether the effect of a vaccine trial varies in space and why. Analytical z-score maps identify unusually high- and low-efficacy values in a trial area. Relationships between neighborhood efficacy and ecological variables are measured to explain why efficacy varies in space. Efficacy was found to vary regardless of neighborhood size and the variation is related to several ecological determinants. Local efficacy measures can help public health practitioners make better decisions about when and where to vaccinate populations. The concepts offered in this study are pertinent for any health intervention trial, not just vaccines.",

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AU - Emch, Michael

AU - Ali, Mohammad

AU - Acosta, Camilo

AU - Yunus, Mohammad

AU - Sack, David A.

AU - Clemens, John D.

PY - 2007/3

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AB - This study tests whether the effect of a vaccine trial varies in space and why. Analytical z-score maps identify unusually high- and low-efficacy values in a trial area. Relationships between neighborhood efficacy and ecological variables are measured to explain why efficacy varies in space. Efficacy was found to vary regardless of neighborhood size and the variation is related to several ecological determinants. Local efficacy measures can help public health practitioners make better decisions about when and where to vaccinate populations. The concepts offered in this study are pertinent for any health intervention trial, not just vaccines.

KW - Cholera

KW - Herd immunity

KW - Intervention trials

KW - Neighborhood determinants

KW - Spatial analysis

KW - Vaccines

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Efficacy calculation in randomized trials: Global or local measures?

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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