Effects of cilazapril on hypertension, sleep, and apnea

Jörg Hermann Peter, Werner Gassel, Jürgen Mayer, Bettina Herrer-Mayer, Thomas Penzel, Hartmut Schneider, Ulrike Weichler, Katja Weber, Peter von Wichert

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Epidemiologic studies revealed that up to 10 percent of middle-aged men show more than 10 cessations of breathing of more than 10 seconds' duration. In these patients, increased morbidity and mortality rates have been proved. More than 50 percent of apnea patients exhibit arterial hypertension, and up to 50 percent of hypertensive patients experience sleep apnea. Patients with sleep apnea and essential hypertension need special attention paid to their antihypertensive therapy because the following side effects of drugs have to be avoided: increases of cardiac insufficiency, hyperviscosity of the blood, intensification of the hypersomnia by central sedation, intensification of a pre-existing tendency towards arrhythmias, and deprivation of deep and rapid eye movement sleep. In this study, the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with sleep apnea and hypertension are examined. An interim evaluation of six patients (aged 50 to 57) yielded the following results: Average Broca index, 124; average blood pressure before therapy, 159/102 mm Hg; average blood pressure after therapy, 132/78; a decrease of the apnea and hypopnea index from x = 31 (range, 12 to 77) to x = 20 (range, two to 54). Therapy did not influence sleep structure: before therapy, an average of 19 percent of sleep episodes were of the rapid eye movement type (range, 11 to 32 percent); after therapy, 23 percent were of this type on average (range, 21 to 25 percent). A final evaluation will be carried out after the second study phase for 12 patients who have been treated in a double-blind scheme with metropolol versus cilazapril.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)72S-78S
JournalThe American journal of medicine
Volume87
Issue number6 SUPPL. 2
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 26 1989
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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