TY - JOUR
T1 - Effectiveness of hospital staff mass-casualty incident training methods
T2 - A systematic literature review
AU - Hsu, Edbert B.
AU - Jenckes, Mollie W.
AU - Catlett, Christina L.
AU - Robinson, Karen A.
AU - Feuerstein, Carolyn
AU - Cosgrove, Sara E.
AU - Green, Gary B.
AU - Bass, Eric B.
N1 - Funding Information:
JCAHO = Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations JHU-EPC = Johns Hopkins University Evidence-based Practice Center MCI = mass-casualty incident This article is based on research conducted by the Johns Hopkins Evidence-based Practice Center under contract to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (Contract No. 290-97-0006, Rockville, Maryland).
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - Introduction: Recently, mass-casualty incident (MCI) preparedness and training has received increasing attention at the hospital level. Objectives: To review the existing evidence on the effectiveness of disaster drills, technology-based interventions and tabletop exercises in training hospital staff to respond to an MCI. Methods: A systematic, evidence-based process was conducted incorporating expert panel input and a literature review with the key terms: "mass casualty", "disaster", "disaster planning", and "drill". Paired investigators reviewed citation abstracts to identify articles that included evaluation of disaster training for hospital staff. Data were abstracted from the studies (e.g., MCI type, training intervention, staff targeted, objectives, evaluation methods, and results). Study quality was reviewed using standardized criteria. Results: Of 243 potentially relevant citations, twenty-one met the defined criteria. Studies varied in terms of targeted staff, learning objectives, outcomes, and evaluation methods. Most were characterized by significant limitations in design and evaluation methods. Seventeen addressed the effectiveness of disaster drills in training hospital staff in responding to an MCI, four addressed technology-based interventions, and none addressed tabletop exercises. The existing evidence suggests that hospital disaster drills are effective in allowing hospital employees to become familiar with disaster procedures, identify problems in different components of response (e.g., incident command, communications, triage, patient flow, materials and resources, and security) and provide the opportunity to apply lessons learned to disaster response. The strength of evidence on other training methods is insufficient to draw valid recommendations. Conclusions: Current evidence on the effectiveness of MCI training for hospital staff is limited. A number of studies suggest that disaster drills can be effective in training hospital staff. However, more attention should be directed to evaluating the effectiveness of disaster training activities in a scientifically rigorous manner.
AB - Introduction: Recently, mass-casualty incident (MCI) preparedness and training has received increasing attention at the hospital level. Objectives: To review the existing evidence on the effectiveness of disaster drills, technology-based interventions and tabletop exercises in training hospital staff to respond to an MCI. Methods: A systematic, evidence-based process was conducted incorporating expert panel input and a literature review with the key terms: "mass casualty", "disaster", "disaster planning", and "drill". Paired investigators reviewed citation abstracts to identify articles that included evaluation of disaster training for hospital staff. Data were abstracted from the studies (e.g., MCI type, training intervention, staff targeted, objectives, evaluation methods, and results). Study quality was reviewed using standardized criteria. Results: Of 243 potentially relevant citations, twenty-one met the defined criteria. Studies varied in terms of targeted staff, learning objectives, outcomes, and evaluation methods. Most were characterized by significant limitations in design and evaluation methods. Seventeen addressed the effectiveness of disaster drills in training hospital staff in responding to an MCI, four addressed technology-based interventions, and none addressed tabletop exercises. The existing evidence suggests that hospital disaster drills are effective in allowing hospital employees to become familiar with disaster procedures, identify problems in different components of response (e.g., incident command, communications, triage, patient flow, materials and resources, and security) and provide the opportunity to apply lessons learned to disaster response. The strength of evidence on other training methods is insufficient to draw valid recommendations. Conclusions: Current evidence on the effectiveness of MCI training for hospital staff is limited. A number of studies suggest that disaster drills can be effective in training hospital staff. However, more attention should be directed to evaluating the effectiveness of disaster training activities in a scientifically rigorous manner.
KW - disaster
KW - drills
KW - education
KW - effectiveness
KW - evaluation
KW - exercise
KW - hospital staff
KW - knowledge
KW - mass-casualty incident
KW - outcome
KW - preparedness
KW - training
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U2 - 10.1017/S1049023X00001771
DO - 10.1017/S1049023X00001771
M3 - Review article
C2 - 2004200098
AN - SCOPUS:14944373631
SN - 1049-023X
VL - 19
SP - 191
EP - 199
JO - Prehospital and disaster medicine
JF - Prehospital and disaster medicine
IS - 3
ER -