Abstract
Terminally differentiated malarial gametocytes remain in the vertebrate circulation in a developmentally arrested state until they are taken up by the mosquito. The gametocytes then undergo gametogenesis in the mosquito mid-gut within minutes after ingestion of the infected blood meal. The male gametogenesis (exflagellation) can be triggered by the combination of a decrease in temperature of at least 5°C and a simultaneous increase in pH between 8.0 and 8.3. Xanthurenic acid, which is present in mosquito mid-gut as well as in mosquito head, had been shown to induce exflagellation in vitro at a non-permissible pH. Here we report for the first time that with the increasing concentration of exogeneous xanthurenic acid, there is a gradual increase in the number of oocysts in the mid-gut of infected mosquitoes. The concentration of xanthurenic acid for optimum infection in the membrane feeding assay was determined to be 100 μM. Three different strains of Plasmodium falciparum, viz. 3D7, 7G8 and W2 were tested in different experiments and similar findings hold true for all of them. These results demonstrate that xanthurenic acid not only induces exflagellation of male gametocytes but also promotes infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum to mosquito vectors.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1129-1133 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | International Journal for Parasitology |
| Volume | 31 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2001 |
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Keywords
- Anopheles stephensi
- Exflagellation
- Infectivity
- Plasmodium falciparum
- Xanthurenic acid
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Parasitology
- Infectious Diseases
Cite this
Effect of xanthurenic acid on infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Anopheles stephensi. / Bhattacharyya, Mrinal K.; Kumar, Nirbhay.
In: International Journal for Parasitology, Vol. 31, No. 10, 2001, p. 1129-1133.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of xanthurenic acid on infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Anopheles stephensi
AU - Bhattacharyya, Mrinal K.
AU - Kumar, Nirbhay
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Terminally differentiated malarial gametocytes remain in the vertebrate circulation in a developmentally arrested state until they are taken up by the mosquito. The gametocytes then undergo gametogenesis in the mosquito mid-gut within minutes after ingestion of the infected blood meal. The male gametogenesis (exflagellation) can be triggered by the combination of a decrease in temperature of at least 5°C and a simultaneous increase in pH between 8.0 and 8.3. Xanthurenic acid, which is present in mosquito mid-gut as well as in mosquito head, had been shown to induce exflagellation in vitro at a non-permissible pH. Here we report for the first time that with the increasing concentration of exogeneous xanthurenic acid, there is a gradual increase in the number of oocysts in the mid-gut of infected mosquitoes. The concentration of xanthurenic acid for optimum infection in the membrane feeding assay was determined to be 100 μM. Three different strains of Plasmodium falciparum, viz. 3D7, 7G8 and W2 were tested in different experiments and similar findings hold true for all of them. These results demonstrate that xanthurenic acid not only induces exflagellation of male gametocytes but also promotes infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum to mosquito vectors.
AB - Terminally differentiated malarial gametocytes remain in the vertebrate circulation in a developmentally arrested state until they are taken up by the mosquito. The gametocytes then undergo gametogenesis in the mosquito mid-gut within minutes after ingestion of the infected blood meal. The male gametogenesis (exflagellation) can be triggered by the combination of a decrease in temperature of at least 5°C and a simultaneous increase in pH between 8.0 and 8.3. Xanthurenic acid, which is present in mosquito mid-gut as well as in mosquito head, had been shown to induce exflagellation in vitro at a non-permissible pH. Here we report for the first time that with the increasing concentration of exogeneous xanthurenic acid, there is a gradual increase in the number of oocysts in the mid-gut of infected mosquitoes. The concentration of xanthurenic acid for optimum infection in the membrane feeding assay was determined to be 100 μM. Three different strains of Plasmodium falciparum, viz. 3D7, 7G8 and W2 were tested in different experiments and similar findings hold true for all of them. These results demonstrate that xanthurenic acid not only induces exflagellation of male gametocytes but also promotes infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum to mosquito vectors.
KW - Anopheles stephensi
KW - Exflagellation
KW - Infectivity
KW - Plasmodium falciparum
KW - Xanthurenic acid
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034960327&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0034960327&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0020-7519(01)00222-3
DO - 10.1016/S0020-7519(01)00222-3
M3 - Article
C2 - 11429178
AN - SCOPUS:0034960327
VL - 31
SP - 1129
EP - 1133
JO - International Journal for Parasitology
JF - International Journal for Parasitology
SN - 0020-7519
IS - 10
ER -