TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of specific non-pharmaceutical intervention policies on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the counties of the United States
AU - UFCOVID Interventions Team
AU - Yang, Bingyi
AU - Huang, Angkana T.
AU - Garcia-Carreras, Bernardo
AU - Hart, William E.
AU - Staid, Andrea
AU - Hitchings, Matt D.T.
AU - Lee, Elizabeth C.
AU - Howe, Chanelle J.
AU - Grantz, Kyra H.
AU - Wesolowksi, Amy
AU - Lemaitre, Joseph Chadi
AU - Rattigan, Susan
AU - Moreno, Carlos
AU - Borgert, Brooke A.
AU - Dale, Celeste
AU - Quigley, Nicole
AU - Cummings, Andrew
AU - McLorg, Alizée
AU - LoMonaco, Kaelene
AU - Schlossberg, Sarah
AU - Barron-Kraus, Drew
AU - Shrock, Harrison
AU - Khoury, Stephanie
AU - Indra, Meenal
AU - Yau, Hung Leong
AU - Cummings, Ben
AU - Giannas, Peter
AU - McLean, Martha Grace
AU - Hubbard, Ken
AU - Saunders, Camazia
AU - Weldon, Caroline
AU - Phillips, Caroline
AU - Rosenbaum, David
AU - Tabla, Dianelys
AU - Lessler, Justin
AU - Laird, Carl D.
AU - Cummings, Derek A.T.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding was provided by the Department of Health and Human Services (DATC, JL). Contributions from Sandia National Laboratories were partially funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program, and the DOE Office of Science through the National Virtual Biotechnology Laboratory, a consortium of DOE national laboratories focused on response to COVID-19, with funding provided by the Coronavirus CARES Act. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc. for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525. This paper describes objective technical results and analysis. Any subjective views or opinions that might be expressed in the paper do not necessarily represent the views of the USDOE or the United States Government. Contributions from Sandia National Laboratories were partially funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program, and the DOE Office of Science through the National Virtual Biotechnology Laboratory, a consortium of DOE national laboratories focused on response to COVID-19, with funding provided by the Coronavirus CARES Act. Material has been reviewed by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. There is no objection to its presentation and/or publication. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the author (A.T.H.), and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting true views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12/1
Y1 - 2021/12/1
N2 - Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) remain the only widely available tool for controlling the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We estimated weekly values of the effective basic reproductive number (Reff) using a mechanistic metapopulation model and associated these with county-level characteristics and NPIs in the United States (US). Interventions that included school and leisure activities closure and nursing home visiting bans were all associated with a median Reff below 1 when combined with either stay at home orders (median Reff 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58–1.39) or face masks (median Reff 0.97, 95% CI 0.58–1.39). While direct causal effects of interventions remain unclear, our results suggest that relaxation of some NPIs will need to be counterbalanced by continuation and/or implementation of others.
AB - Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) remain the only widely available tool for controlling the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We estimated weekly values of the effective basic reproductive number (Reff) using a mechanistic metapopulation model and associated these with county-level characteristics and NPIs in the United States (US). Interventions that included school and leisure activities closure and nursing home visiting bans were all associated with a median Reff below 1 when combined with either stay at home orders (median Reff 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58–1.39) or face masks (median Reff 0.97, 95% CI 0.58–1.39). While direct causal effects of interventions remain unclear, our results suggest that relaxation of some NPIs will need to be counterbalanced by continuation and/or implementation of others.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-021-23865-8
DO - 10.1038/s41467-021-23865-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 34117244
AN - SCOPUS:85107809637
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 12
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 3560
ER -