Effect of myocardial swelling on residual strain in the left ventricle of the rat

Left ventricular (LV) residual strain in the unloaded state was shown previously to affect LV performance. The interrelationship between myocardial swelling and LV residual strain was studied, both experimentally and theoretically. Myocardial swelling was induced by retrograde perfusion of beating, nonworking, isolated rat hearts with perfusate of graded osmolarities (200-420 mosM). The opening angle (an index of residual strain), in radially cut equatorial cross-sectional slices, and their water content were measured in 40 arrested rat LV. Both water content and opening angle decreased significantly with osmolarity from 84.2 ± 0.45% and 77.2 ± 9.2° at 200 mosM to 76.5 ± 1.05% and 36.3 ± 9.8° at 420 mosM (P <0.001, respectively). A morphologically based theoretical model was developed and yielded a swelling-residual strain relationship, which agrees well with the data. Our results indicate that myocardial swelling is strongly related to LV residual strain, suggesting that swelling, through its effect on residual strain, can affect both LV function and its adaptation to varying loading conditions.