Effect of catechins and high-temperature-processed green tea extract on scavenging reactive oxygen species and preventing Aβ_1–42 fibrils’ formation in brain microvascular endothelium

The present study investigated the effect of high-temperature-processed green tea extract (HTP_GTE) and its bioactive components on the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein in human microvascular endothelial cells. Compared to Aβ_1–42-only treatment, pretreatment of HTP_GTE was revealed to effectively inhibit ROS generation (P<0.05). HTP_GTE and catechins not only inhibit Aβ_1–42 fibril formation but also destabilize preformed Aβ_1–42 fibrils. The presence of HTP_GTE, Aβ_1–42 fibril formation was significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner at 12.5–100 μg/ml of HTP_GTE, showing 86–56%, respectively. Treatment of various concentrations of HTP_GTE and catechins steadily destabilized the preformed Aβ_1–42 fibrils for 24 h in a dose-dependent manner. It was observed that the gallated groups such as epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, and catechin gallate more effectively disturbed Aβ_1–42 fibril formation and destabilized the preformed Aβ_1–42 fibrils than the non-gallated group. Taken together, these findings supported that sterilized green tea could be promising natural anti-amyloidogenic agents associated with therapeutic approaches in Alzheimer’s disease by scavenging ROS generation and Aβ fibril in the brain tissue.