Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010

Mejbah U. Bhuiyan; Stephen P. Luby; Nadia I. Alamgir; Nusrat Homaira; Abdullah A. Mamun; Jahangir A.M. Khan; Jaynal Abedin; Katharine Sturm-Ramirez; Emily S. Gurley; Rashid U. Zaman; Asm Alamgir; Mahmudur Rahman; Marc Alain Widdowson; Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner

doi:10.1111/irv.12254

Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010

Mejbah U. Bhuiyan, Stephen P. Luby, Nadia I. Alamgir, Nusrat Homaira, Abdullah A. Mamun, Jahangir A.M. Khan, Jaynal Abedin, Katharine Sturm-Ramirez, Emily S. Gurley, Rashid U. Zaman, Asm Alamgir, Mahmudur Rahman, Marc Alain Widdowson, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Understanding the costs of influenza-associated illness in Bangladesh may help health authorities assess the cost-effectiveness of influenza prevention programs. We estimated the annual economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh. Design: From May through October 2010, investigators identified both outpatients and inpatients at four tertiary hospitals with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection through rRT-PCR. Research assistants visited case-patients' homes within 30 days of hospital visit/discharge and administered a structured questionnaire to capture direct medical costs (physician consultation, hospital bed, medicines and diagnostic tests), direct non-medical costs (food, lodging and travel) and indirect costs (case-patients' and caregivers' lost income). We used WHO-Choice estimates for routine healthcare service costs. We added direct, indirect and healthcare service costs to calculate cost-per-episode. We used median cost-per-episode, published influenza-associated outpatient and hospitalization rates and Bangladesh census data to estimate the annual economic burden of influenza-associated illnesses in 2010. Results: We interviewed 132 outpatients and 41 hospitalized patients. The median cost of an influenza-associated outpatient visit was US$4.80 (IQR = 2.93-8.11) and an influenza-associated hospitalization was US$82.20 (IQR = 59.96-121.56). We estimated that influenza-associated outpatient visits resulted in US$108 million (95% CI: 76-147) in direct costs and US$59 million (95% CI: 37-91) in indirect costs; influenza-associated hospitalizations resulted in US$1.4 million (95% CI: 0.4-2.6) in direct costs and US$0.4 million (95% CI: 0.1-0.8) in indirect costs in 2010. Conclusions: In Bangladesh, influenza-associated illnesses caused an estimated US$169 million in economic loss in 2010, largely driven by frequent but low-cost outpatient visits.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	406-413
Number of pages	8
Journal	Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses
Volume	8
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12254
State	Published - Jul 2014
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Bangladesh
Cost
Hospitalization
Influenza
Outpatient

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Infectious Diseases

Access to Document

10.1111/irv.12254

Cite this

Bhuiyan, M. U., Luby, S. P., Alamgir, N. I., Homaira, N., Mamun, A. A., Khan, J. A. M., Abedin, J., Sturm-Ramirez, K., Gurley, E. S., Zaman, R. U., Alamgir, A., Rahman, M., Widdowson, M. A., & Azziz-Baumgartner, E. (2014). Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010. Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses, 8(4), 406-413. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12254

Bhuiyan, MU, Luby, SP, Alamgir, NI, Homaira, N, Mamun, AA, Khan, JAM, Abedin, J, Sturm-Ramirez, K, Gurley, ES, Zaman, RU, Alamgir, A, Rahman, M, Widdowson, MA & Azziz-Baumgartner, E 2014, 'Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010', Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 406-413. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12254

@article{fb1d2fa6446344e0bd4cd96300f5ffef,

title = "Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010",

abstract = "Objective: Understanding the costs of influenza-associated illness in Bangladesh may help health authorities assess the cost-effectiveness of influenza prevention programs. We estimated the annual economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh. Design: From May through October 2010, investigators identified both outpatients and inpatients at four tertiary hospitals with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection through rRT-PCR. Research assistants visited case-patients' homes within 30 days of hospital visit/discharge and administered a structured questionnaire to capture direct medical costs (physician consultation, hospital bed, medicines and diagnostic tests), direct non-medical costs (food, lodging and travel) and indirect costs (case-patients' and caregivers' lost income). We used WHO-Choice estimates for routine healthcare service costs. We added direct, indirect and healthcare service costs to calculate cost-per-episode. We used median cost-per-episode, published influenza-associated outpatient and hospitalization rates and Bangladesh census data to estimate the annual economic burden of influenza-associated illnesses in 2010. Results: We interviewed 132 outpatients and 41 hospitalized patients. The median cost of an influenza-associated outpatient visit was US$4.80 (IQR = 2.93-8.11) and an influenza-associated hospitalization was US$82.20 (IQR = 59.96-121.56). We estimated that influenza-associated outpatient visits resulted in US$108 million (95% CI: 76-147) in direct costs and US$59 million (95% CI: 37-91) in indirect costs; influenza-associated hospitalizations resulted in US$1.4 million (95% CI: 0.4-2.6) in direct costs and US$0.4 million (95% CI: 0.1-0.8) in indirect costs in 2010. Conclusions: In Bangladesh, influenza-associated illnesses caused an estimated US$169 million in economic loss in 2010, largely driven by frequent but low-cost outpatient visits.",

keywords = "Bangladesh, Cost, Hospitalization, Influenza, Outpatient",

author = "Bhuiyan, {Mejbah U.} and Luby, {Stephen P.} and Alamgir, {Nadia I.} and Nusrat Homaira and Mamun, {Abdullah A.} and Khan, {Jahangir A.M.} and Jaynal Abedin and Katharine Sturm-Ramirez and Gurley, {Emily S.} and Zaman, {Rashid U.} and Asm Alamgir and Mahmudur Rahman and Widdowson, {Marc Alain} and Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner",

year = "2014",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1111/irv.12254",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "8",

pages = "406--413",

journal = "Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses",

issn = "1750-2640",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010

AU - Bhuiyan, Mejbah U.

AU - Luby, Stephen P.

AU - Alamgir, Nadia I.

AU - Homaira, Nusrat

AU - Mamun, Abdullah A.

AU - Khan, Jahangir A.M.

AU - Abedin, Jaynal

AU - Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine

AU - Gurley, Emily S.

AU - Zaman, Rashid U.

AU - Alamgir, Asm

AU - Rahman, Mahmudur

AU - Widdowson, Marc Alain

AU - Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo

PY - 2014/7

Y1 - 2014/7

N2 - Objective: Understanding the costs of influenza-associated illness in Bangladesh may help health authorities assess the cost-effectiveness of influenza prevention programs. We estimated the annual economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh. Design: From May through October 2010, investigators identified both outpatients and inpatients at four tertiary hospitals with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection through rRT-PCR. Research assistants visited case-patients' homes within 30 days of hospital visit/discharge and administered a structured questionnaire to capture direct medical costs (physician consultation, hospital bed, medicines and diagnostic tests), direct non-medical costs (food, lodging and travel) and indirect costs (case-patients' and caregivers' lost income). We used WHO-Choice estimates for routine healthcare service costs. We added direct, indirect and healthcare service costs to calculate cost-per-episode. We used median cost-per-episode, published influenza-associated outpatient and hospitalization rates and Bangladesh census data to estimate the annual economic burden of influenza-associated illnesses in 2010. Results: We interviewed 132 outpatients and 41 hospitalized patients. The median cost of an influenza-associated outpatient visit was US$4.80 (IQR = 2.93-8.11) and an influenza-associated hospitalization was US$82.20 (IQR = 59.96-121.56). We estimated that influenza-associated outpatient visits resulted in US$108 million (95% CI: 76-147) in direct costs and US$59 million (95% CI: 37-91) in indirect costs; influenza-associated hospitalizations resulted in US$1.4 million (95% CI: 0.4-2.6) in direct costs and US$0.4 million (95% CI: 0.1-0.8) in indirect costs in 2010. Conclusions: In Bangladesh, influenza-associated illnesses caused an estimated US$169 million in economic loss in 2010, largely driven by frequent but low-cost outpatient visits.

AB - Objective: Understanding the costs of influenza-associated illness in Bangladesh may help health authorities assess the cost-effectiveness of influenza prevention programs. We estimated the annual economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh. Design: From May through October 2010, investigators identified both outpatients and inpatients at four tertiary hospitals with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection through rRT-PCR. Research assistants visited case-patients' homes within 30 days of hospital visit/discharge and administered a structured questionnaire to capture direct medical costs (physician consultation, hospital bed, medicines and diagnostic tests), direct non-medical costs (food, lodging and travel) and indirect costs (case-patients' and caregivers' lost income). We used WHO-Choice estimates for routine healthcare service costs. We added direct, indirect and healthcare service costs to calculate cost-per-episode. We used median cost-per-episode, published influenza-associated outpatient and hospitalization rates and Bangladesh census data to estimate the annual economic burden of influenza-associated illnesses in 2010. Results: We interviewed 132 outpatients and 41 hospitalized patients. The median cost of an influenza-associated outpatient visit was US$4.80 (IQR = 2.93-8.11) and an influenza-associated hospitalization was US$82.20 (IQR = 59.96-121.56). We estimated that influenza-associated outpatient visits resulted in US$108 million (95% CI: 76-147) in direct costs and US$59 million (95% CI: 37-91) in indirect costs; influenza-associated hospitalizations resulted in US$1.4 million (95% CI: 0.4-2.6) in direct costs and US$0.4 million (95% CI: 0.1-0.8) in indirect costs in 2010. Conclusions: In Bangladesh, influenza-associated illnesses caused an estimated US$169 million in economic loss in 2010, largely driven by frequent but low-cost outpatient visits.

KW - Bangladesh

KW - Cost

KW - Hospitalization

KW - Influenza

KW - Outpatient

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84902376385&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84902376385&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/irv.12254

DO - 10.1111/irv.12254

M3 - Article

C2 - 24750586

AN - SCOPUS:84902376385

SN - 1750-2640

VL - 8

SP - 406

EP - 413

JO - Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses

JF - Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses

IS - 4

ER -

Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this