TY - JOUR
T1 - Early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with female sex, maternal factors, and African American race in the COPDGene study
AU - Foreman, Marilyn G.
AU - Zhang, Lening
AU - Murphy, James
AU - Hansel, Nadia N.
AU - Make, Barry
AU - Hokanson, John E.
AU - Washko, George
AU - Regan, Elizabeth A.
AU - Crapo, James D.
AU - Silverman, Edwin K.
AU - DeMeo, Dawn L.
PY - 2011/8/15
Y1 - 2011/8/15
N2 - Rationale: The characterization of young adults who develop late-onset diseases may augment the detection of novel genes and promote new pathogenic insights. Methods: We analyzed data from 2,500 individuals of African and European ancestry in the COPDGene Study. Subjects with severe, early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n = 70, age < 55 yr, FEV1 < 50% predicted) were compared with older subjects with COPD (n = 306, age > 64 yr, FEV1 < 50% predicted). Measurements and Main Results: Subjects with severe, early-onset COPD were predominantly females (66%), P = 0.0004. Proportionally, early-onset COPD was seen in 42% (25 of 59) of African Americans versus 14% (45 of 317) of non-Hispanic whites, P <0.0001. Other risk factors included current smoking (56 vs. 17%, P < 0.0001) and self-report of asthma (39 vs. 25%, P = 0.008). Maternal smoking (70 vs. 44%, P = 0.0001) and maternal COPD (23 vs. 12%, P=0.03) were reported more commonly in subjects with early-onset COPD. Multivariable regression analysis found association with African American race, odds ratio (OR), 7.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-24; P = 0.0007); maternal COPD, OR, 4.7 (95% CI, 1.3-17; P=0.02); female sex, OR, 3.1 (95% CI, 1.1-8.7; P=0.03); and each pack-year of smoking, OR, 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96-1.0; P = 0.03). Conclusions: These observations support the hypothesis that severe, early-onset COPD is prevalent in females and is influenced by maternal factors. Future genetic studies should evaluate (1) gene-by-sex interactions to address sex-specific genetic contributions and (2) gene-by-race interactions.
AB - Rationale: The characterization of young adults who develop late-onset diseases may augment the detection of novel genes and promote new pathogenic insights. Methods: We analyzed data from 2,500 individuals of African and European ancestry in the COPDGene Study. Subjects with severe, early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n = 70, age < 55 yr, FEV1 < 50% predicted) were compared with older subjects with COPD (n = 306, age > 64 yr, FEV1 < 50% predicted). Measurements and Main Results: Subjects with severe, early-onset COPD were predominantly females (66%), P = 0.0004. Proportionally, early-onset COPD was seen in 42% (25 of 59) of African Americans versus 14% (45 of 317) of non-Hispanic whites, P <0.0001. Other risk factors included current smoking (56 vs. 17%, P < 0.0001) and self-report of asthma (39 vs. 25%, P = 0.008). Maternal smoking (70 vs. 44%, P = 0.0001) and maternal COPD (23 vs. 12%, P=0.03) were reported more commonly in subjects with early-onset COPD. Multivariable regression analysis found association with African American race, odds ratio (OR), 7.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-24; P = 0.0007); maternal COPD, OR, 4.7 (95% CI, 1.3-17; P=0.02); female sex, OR, 3.1 (95% CI, 1.1-8.7; P=0.03); and each pack-year of smoking, OR, 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96-1.0; P = 0.03). Conclusions: These observations support the hypothesis that severe, early-onset COPD is prevalent in females and is influenced by maternal factors. Future genetic studies should evaluate (1) gene-by-sex interactions to address sex-specific genetic contributions and (2) gene-by-race interactions.
KW - African Americans
KW - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW - Female
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U2 - 10.1164/rccm.201011-1928OC
DO - 10.1164/rccm.201011-1928OC
M3 - Article
C2 - 21562134
AN - SCOPUS:80051822790
SN - 1073-449X
VL - 184
SP - 414
EP - 420
JO - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
IS - 4
ER -