@article{b969341d626e4ab5b9d306e522791cc2,
title = "Early-life gut microbiome composition and milk allergy resolution",
abstract = "Background Gut microbiota may play a role in the natural history of cow's milk allergy. Objective We sought to examine the association between early-life gut microbiota and the resolution of cow's milk allergy. Methods We studied 226 children with milk allergy who were enrolled at infancy in the Consortium of Food Allergy observational study of food allergy. Fecal samples were collected at age 3 to 16 months, and the children were followed longitudinally with clinical evaluation, milk-specific IgE levels, and milk skin prick test performed at enrollment, 6 months, 12 months, and yearly thereafter up until age 8 years. Gut microbiome was profiled by 16s rRNA sequencing and microbiome analyses performed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME), Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt), and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP). Results Milk allergy resolved by age 8 years in 128 (56.6%) of the 226 children. Gut microbiome composition at age 3 to 6 months was associated with milk allergy resolution by age 8 years (PERMANOVA P = .047), with enrichment of Clostridia and Firmicutes in the infant gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved. Metagenome functional prediction supported decreased fatty acid metabolism in the gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved (η2 = 0.43; ANOVA P = .034). Conclusions Early infancy is a window during which gut microbiota may shape food allergy outcomes in childhood. Bacterial taxa within Clostridia and Firmicutes could be studied as probiotic candidates for milk allergy therapy.",
keywords = "16s rRNA sequencing, Bacteroidetes, Clostridia, Cow's milk allergy, Firmicutes, fatty acid, food allergy, metagenome, microbiome, microbiota",
author = "Supinda Bunyavanich and Nan Shen and Alexander Grishin and Robert Wood and Wesley Burks and Peter Dawson and Jones, {Stacie M.} and Leung, {Donald Y.M.} and Hugh Sampson and Scott Sicherer and Clemente, {Jose C.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (K08AI093538, R01AI118833, U19AI066738 and U01AI066560), SUCCESS, Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America (CCFA #362048), and the Department of Scientific Computing at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. The project was also supported by grant nos. UL1 TR-000154 (National Jewish), UL1 TR-000067 (Mount Sinai), UL1 TR-000039 (Arkansas), UL1 TR-000083 (U North Carolina) and UL1 TR-000424 (Johns Hopkins) from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health. Funding Information: Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: S. Bunyavanich has received a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. A. Grishin has received a grant from the NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and has consultant arrangements with Allertein Therapeutics, LLC. R. Wood has received a grant from the National Institutes of Health, DBV, and Aimmune; has consultant arrangements with Stallergenes and Sanofi; is employed by Johns Hopkins University; and receives royalties from UpToDate. W. Burks has received grants from the Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network, NIH, and Wallace Research Foundation; has received personal fees from FARE, NIH Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation Research Committee Review Panel, NIH Hypersensitivity, Autoimmune, and Immune-mediated Diseases Study Section, World Allergy Organization, Adept Field Solutions, Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc, Epiva Biosciences, Inc, Genentech, GLG Research, Inc, Merck, SRA International, Stallergenes, Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America, LLC, PPD Development, LP, American Society for Microbiology, and Allertein; and has received nonfinancial support from Dow AgroSciences, Insys Therapeutics, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. P. Dawson has received a grant from the NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation. S. M. Jones is a member of the research advisory board for Food Allergy Research Education; has consultant arrangements with Stallergenes; has received grants from the NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Food Allergy Research Education, Allergy Research Corporation, DBV Technologies, and the National Peanut Board; has received payment for lectures from the Kansas City Allergy Society, Mercy Children's Hospital, Riley Children's Hospital, Southwestern Medical School-Children's Medical Center, the European Academy of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, the New York Allergy & Asthma Society, the Iowa Society of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, and the University of Iowa Paul M. Seebohm Lectureship in Allergy. D. Y. M. Leung has received a grant from the NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. H. Sampson has received a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; has consultant arrangements with Allertein Therapeutics, LLC, Genentech, Sanofi, Stallergenes, and Merck; is a part-time employee of DBV Technologies as the Chief Scientific Officer; and has received stock options from Allertein Therapeutics and DBV Therapeutics. S. Sicherer has received a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and has received royalties from UpToDate. J. C. Clemente has received grants from the SUCCESS fund (GCO14-0560) and Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America (grant no. 362048). N. Shen declares no relevant conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology",
year = "2016",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.041",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "138",
pages = "1122--1130",
journal = "Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology",
issn = "0091-6749",
publisher = "Mosby Inc.",
number = "4",
}