TY - JOUR
T1 - Early-life enteric infections
T2 - Relation between chronic systemic inflammation and poor cognition in children
AU - Oriá, Reinaldo B.
AU - Murray-Kolb, Laura E.
AU - Scharf, Rebecca J.
AU - Pendergast, Laura L.
AU - Lang, Dennis R.
AU - Kolling, Glynis L.
AU - Guerrant, Richard L.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - The intestinal microbiota undergoes active remodeling in the first 6 to 18 months of life, during which time the characteristics of the adult microbiota are developed. This process is strongly influenced by the early diet and enteric pathogens. Enteric infections and malnutrition early in life may favor microbiota dysbiosis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, resulting in intestinal barrier dysfunction and translocation of intestinal bacterial products, ultimately leading to low-grade, chronic, subclinical systemic inflammation. The leaky gut-derived low-grade systemic inflammation may have profound consequences on the gut-liver-brain axis, compromising normal growth, metabolism, and cognitive development. This review examines recent data suggesting that early-life enteric infections that lead to intestinal barrier disruption may shift the intestinal microbiota toward chronic systemic inflammation and subsequent impaired cognitive development.
AB - The intestinal microbiota undergoes active remodeling in the first 6 to 18 months of life, during which time the characteristics of the adult microbiota are developed. This process is strongly influenced by the early diet and enteric pathogens. Enteric infections and malnutrition early in life may favor microbiota dysbiosis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, resulting in intestinal barrier dysfunction and translocation of intestinal bacterial products, ultimately leading to low-grade, chronic, subclinical systemic inflammation. The leaky gut-derived low-grade systemic inflammation may have profound consequences on the gut-liver-brain axis, compromising normal growth, metabolism, and cognitive development. This review examines recent data suggesting that early-life enteric infections that lead to intestinal barrier disruption may shift the intestinal microbiota toward chronic systemic inflammation and subsequent impaired cognitive development.
KW - Cognition
KW - Enteric infections
KW - Environmental enteropathy
KW - Intestinal microbiome
KW - Malnutrition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84979053755&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84979053755&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/nutrit/nuw008
DO - 10.1093/nutrit/nuw008
M3 - Article
C2 - 27142301
AN - SCOPUS:84979053755
SN - 0029-6643
VL - 74
SP - 374
EP - 386
JO - Nutrition Reviews
JF - Nutrition Reviews
IS - 6
ER -