TY - JOUR
T1 - Does Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Predict Later Suicidal Attempts? A Review of Studies
AU - Griep, Stephanie K.
AU - MacKinnon, Dean F.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. MacKinnon would like to acknowledge the support of the Hardy Lok Fund for his contributions to this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 International Academy for Suicide Research.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Co-occurrence of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SA) might occur because they share common risk factors, or alternatively because one leads to the other. Using search terms salient to NSSI and SA, we screened 555 studies to identify 17 that presented temporal data about NSSI and SA. Much of the evidence indicates that NSSI predates SA, especially among females and individuals with depressive symptoms, or diagnosed with borderline personality disorder or mood disorders. However, in some studies, associated risk factors likely accounted for the effect. Greater NSSI frequency to a threshold increases risk for later SA. Findings suggest that the behaviors have common predisposing factors, but that there is also a potent gateway effect whereby NSSI precedes SA.
AB - Co-occurrence of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SA) might occur because they share common risk factors, or alternatively because one leads to the other. Using search terms salient to NSSI and SA, we screened 555 studies to identify 17 that presented temporal data about NSSI and SA. Much of the evidence indicates that NSSI predates SA, especially among females and individuals with depressive symptoms, or diagnosed with borderline personality disorder or mood disorders. However, in some studies, associated risk factors likely accounted for the effect. Greater NSSI frequency to a threshold increases risk for later SA. Findings suggest that the behaviors have common predisposing factors, but that there is also a potent gateway effect whereby NSSI precedes SA.
KW - Longitudinal studies
KW - attempted
KW - review
KW - risk
KW - self-injurious behavior
KW - suicide
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U2 - 10.1080/13811118.2020.1822244
DO - 10.1080/13811118.2020.1822244
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32985383
AN - SCOPUS:85091687422
SN - 1381-1118
VL - 26
SP - 428
EP - 446
JO - Archives of Suicide Research
JF - Archives of Suicide Research
IS - 2
ER -