TY - JOUR
T1 - Differences in magnitude and rate of change in adult obesity distribution by age and sex in Mexico, Colombia and Peru, 2005-2010
AU - Yamada, Goro
AU - Castillo-Salgado, Carlos
AU - Jones-Smith, Jessica C.
AU - Moulton, Lawrence H.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Dr Teresa Shamah-Levy and her colleagues at National Institute of Public Health, Mexico, and Dr Jaime Miranda and Dr Rodrigo Carrillo-Larco at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru, for providing information about survey methods used in conducting national health and nutritional surveys. Financial support: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Conflict of interest: None. Authorship: G.Y. formulated the research question, designed the study, carried out data analysis and prepared the first draft of the manuscript. C.C.-S. and J.C.J.-S. provided intellectual guidance and inputs in formulating the research question, designing the study, interpreting results and writing the manuscript. L.H.M. supervised the entire procedure and provided intellectual inputs at each step of the study. Ethics of human subject participation: This study was reviewed by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Institutional Review Board. The study was secondary analyses of existing, de-identified data and de-linked databases, and was determined to be exempt. Thus, continuing review of this study as human subjects research was unnecessary.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Authors 2018.
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - Objective Unequal obesity distributions among adult populations have been reported in low- and middle-income countries, but mainly based on data of women of reproductive age. Moreover, incorporation of ever-changing skewed BMI distributions in analyses has been a challenge. Our study aimed to assess magnitude and rates of change in BMI distributions by age and sex.Design Shapes of BMI distributions were estimated for 2005 and 2010, and their changes were assessed, using the generalized additive model for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) and assuming BMI follows a Box-Cox power exponential (BCPE) distribution.Setting Nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional health surveys conducted between 2005 and 2013 in Mexico, Colombia and Peru.Subjects Adult men and non-pregnant women aged 20-69 years.Results Whereas women had more right-shifted and wider BMI distributions than men in almost all age groups across the countries in 2010, men in their 30s-40s experienced more rapid increases in BMI between 2005 and 2010, notably in Peru. The highest increase in overweight and obesity prevalence was observed among Peruvian men of 35-39 years, with a 5-year increase of 21 percentage points.Conclusions The BCPE-GAMLSS method is an alternative to analyse measurements with time-varying distributions visually, in addition to conventional indicators such as means and prevalences. Consideration of differences in BMI distributions and their changes by sex and age would provide vital information in tailoring relevant policies and programmes to reach target populations effectively. Increases in BMI portend increases of obesity-associated diseases, for which preventive and preparative actions are urgent.
AB - Objective Unequal obesity distributions among adult populations have been reported in low- and middle-income countries, but mainly based on data of women of reproductive age. Moreover, incorporation of ever-changing skewed BMI distributions in analyses has been a challenge. Our study aimed to assess magnitude and rates of change in BMI distributions by age and sex.Design Shapes of BMI distributions were estimated for 2005 and 2010, and their changes were assessed, using the generalized additive model for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) and assuming BMI follows a Box-Cox power exponential (BCPE) distribution.Setting Nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional health surveys conducted between 2005 and 2013 in Mexico, Colombia and Peru.Subjects Adult men and non-pregnant women aged 20-69 years.Results Whereas women had more right-shifted and wider BMI distributions than men in almost all age groups across the countries in 2010, men in their 30s-40s experienced more rapid increases in BMI between 2005 and 2010, notably in Peru. The highest increase in overweight and obesity prevalence was observed among Peruvian men of 35-39 years, with a 5-year increase of 21 percentage points.Conclusions The BCPE-GAMLSS method is an alternative to analyse measurements with time-varying distributions visually, in addition to conventional indicators such as means and prevalences. Consideration of differences in BMI distributions and their changes by sex and age would provide vital information in tailoring relevant policies and programmes to reach target populations effectively. Increases in BMI portend increases of obesity-associated diseases, for which preventive and preparative actions are urgent.
KW - BCPE distribution
KW - BMI
KW - Latin America
KW - Obesity
KW - Statistical method
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U2 - 10.1017/S1368980018002343
DO - 10.1017/S1368980018002343
M3 - Article
C2 - 30253818
AN - SCOPUS:85062947469
SN - 1368-9800
VL - 22
SP - 757
EP - 763
JO - Public health nutrition
JF - Public health nutrition
IS - 4
ER -