Abstract
This chapter describes and compares selected dietary patterns, each of which has been associated with reduced coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. The dietary patterns include those consumed by free-living persons (i.e., a traditional Mediterranean diet consumed in Crete, vegetarian diets, diets consumed in rural China, and a traditional Okinawan diet) and diets tested in clinical trials (i.e., Lyon Diet Heart Study, Indo-Mediterranean Diet Heart Study, and the DASH clinical trial). Several distinct dietary patterns are associated with lower CHD rates and with improved CHD risk factors. A common feature of these diets is an emphasis on plant-based foods. Accordingly, fibre intake is high while saturated fat intake is low, less than 10% kcal in all instances. When total fat intake is high, that is, over 30% kcal, the predominant fat is monounsaturated fats. N-3 polyunsaturated fats are frequently consumed in small quantities and in a variety of forms. Carbohydrate intake is typically high; the predominant forms appear to be complex carbohydrates, likely from whole grain products with minimal processing.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Title of host publication | Coronary Heart Disease Epidemiology |
Subtitle of host publication | From Aetiology to Public Health |
Publisher | Oxford University Press |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780191724114 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780198525738 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 1 2009 |
Keywords
- Coronary heart disease
- DASH diet
- Mediterranean diet
- Risk factors
- Vegetarian diet
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychology(all)