Diarrheal Diseases

Diarrheal diseases are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children, mainly in the developing world. Despite decline in mortality due to diarrheal disease, there is no evidence that the morbidity has declined over the years. There is an increase in frequency of bowel movement and alteration in stool consistency during diarrhea. Diarrheas are classified according to duration of episode, characteristics of stool, and etiologies which could be bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents. Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) remains the mainstay in the management of diarrhea. Antibiotics are useful in specific causes of diarrhea. Preventive strategies have the potential to reduce global burden of diarrheal diseases, which may include breast feeding, safe sanitation, and hygienic practices, pure drinking water, vaccines and others.