@article{25a36b77f19a4039afdc6d53328aaa20,
title = "Diaphyseal cross-sectional geometry of the Boxgrove 1 Middle Pleistocene human tibia",
abstract = "Cross-sectional geometric analysis of the early Middle Pleistocene human tibia from Boxgrove, West Sussex, U.K. reveals a mosaic pattern relative to other archaic Homo tibiae. The specimen has relatively low percent cortical area within its cross sections. However, it exhibits the high mediolateral strength characteristic of archaic Homo tibiae. Scaled solely to tibial length it is robust, similar to those of the Neandertals and above those of early modern and pre-Late Pleistocene African and Asian humans. However, given ecogeographically-patterned variance in relative tibial length and body laterality, it is most likely that it exhibits a level of robusticity within the range encompassed by Late Pliocene to Late Pleistocene archaic Homo combined with arctic body proportions. Given its association with late interglacial cool temperate climatic indicators, the inferred body proportions of the Boxgrove hominid were probably promoted by their minimal level of cultural buffering, requiring a significant biological conservation of body heat.",
keywords = "Homo, Middle Pleistocene, Postcrania, Thermal adaptation, Tibia",
author = "Erik Trinkaus and Stringer, {Chris B.} and Ruff, {Christopher B.} and Hennessy, {Robin J.} and Roberts, {Mark B.} and Parfitt, {Simon A.}",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank English Heritage for its ongoing support of the Boxgrove Project, and L. Cornish for her reconstruction of the Boxgrove tibia. The Department of Radiology of the UCL Hospitals allowed us to take the CT scans of the tibia upon which this analysis is based. B. Holt, T. Kimura and A. J. Nelson kindly made comparative data available, and T. Akazawa, B. Arensburg, L. Beck, M. U. Brennan, S. E. Churchill, J. Clark, B. Endo, I. Herschkovitz, J. J. Hublin, J. Jel{\'i}nek, W. J. Kennedy, A. Langaney, A. Leguebe, W. Lindsay, H. de Lumley, Muayed Sa{\textquoteright}id al{\textquoteright}Damirji, M. Oliva, R. Orban, D. Pilbeam, R. B. Potts, H. P. Powell, J. Radovcˇi{\'c}, B. Senut, J. Svoboda, B. Vandermeersch, A. Walker, J. Wangermez, J. Zias, the Government of Kenya and the Governors of the National Museums of Kenya gave permission and/or assisted with the collection of the comparative data. The human paleontological portions of this analysis have been supported by the Natural History Museum (London), the National Science Foundation, the Wenner-Gren Foundation, and the L. S. B. Leakey Foundation. To all of these supporters of our shindig we are grateful.",
year = "1999",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1006/jhev.1999.0295",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "37",
pages = "1--25",
journal = "Journal of Human Evolution",
issn = "0047-2484",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
number = "1",
}