Diagnosis and Management of Functional Tic-Like Phenomena

Irene A. Malaty; Seonaid Anderson; Shannon M. Bennett; Cathy L. Budman; Barbara J. Coffey; Keith A. Coffman; Erica Greenberg; Joseph F. McGuire; Kirsten R. Müller-Vahl; Michael S. Okun; Julio Quezada; Amy Robichaux-Viehoever; Kevin J. Black

doi:10.3390/jcm11216470

Diagnosis and Management of Functional Tic-Like Phenomena

Irene A. Malaty, Seonaid Anderson, Shannon M. Bennett, Cathy L. Budman, Barbara J. Coffey, Keith A. Coffman, Erica Greenberg, Joseph F. McGuire, Kirsten R. Müller-Vahl, Michael S. Okun, Julio Quezada, Amy Robichaux-Viehoever, Kevin J. Black

School of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Over the past 3 years, a global phenomenon has emerged characterized by the sudden onset and frequently rapid escalation of tics and tic-like movements and phonations. These symptoms have occurred not only in youth known to have tics or Tourette syndrome (TS), but also, and more notably, in youth with no prior history of tics. The Tourette Association of America (TAA) convened an international, multidisciplinary working group to better understand this apparent presentation of functional neurological disorder (FND) and its relationship to TS. Here, we review and summarize the literature relevant to distinguish the two, with recommendations to clinicians for diagnosis and management. Finally, we highlight areas for future emphasis and research.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	6470
Journal	Journal of Clinical Medicine
Volume	11
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11216470
State	Published - Nov 2022

Keywords

Tourette syndrome
diagnosis
functional neurological disorder
functional tic-like behaviors
functional tics
management

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Medicine

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10.3390/jcm11216470

Cite this

@article{25dffb8dfa3844389eb2f7330790dbb8,

title = "Diagnosis and Management of Functional Tic-Like Phenomena",

abstract = "Over the past 3 years, a global phenomenon has emerged characterized by the sudden onset and frequently rapid escalation of tics and tic-like movements and phonations. These symptoms have occurred not only in youth known to have tics or Tourette syndrome (TS), but also, and more notably, in youth with no prior history of tics. The Tourette Association of America (TAA) convened an international, multidisciplinary working group to better understand this apparent presentation of functional neurological disorder (FND) and its relationship to TS. Here, we review and summarize the literature relevant to distinguish the two, with recommendations to clinicians for diagnosis and management. Finally, we highlight areas for future emphasis and research.",

keywords = "Tourette syndrome, diagnosis, functional neurological disorder, functional tic-like behaviors, functional tics, management",

author = "Malaty, {Irene A.} and Seonaid Anderson and Bennett, {Shannon M.} and Budman, {Cathy L.} and Coffey, {Barbara J.} and Coffman, {Keith A.} and Erica Greenberg and McGuire, {Joseph F.} and M{\"u}ller-Vahl, {Kirsten R.} and Okun, {Michael S.} and Julio Quezada and Amy Robichaux-Viehoever and Black, {Kevin J.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors.",

year = "2022",

month = nov,

doi = "10.3390/jcm11216470",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "11",

journal = "Journal of Clinical Medicine",

issn = "2077-0383",

publisher = "MDPI AG",

number = "21",

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T1 - Diagnosis and Management of Functional Tic-Like Phenomena

AU - Malaty, Irene A.

AU - Anderson, Seonaid

AU - Bennett, Shannon M.

AU - Budman, Cathy L.

AU - Coffey, Barbara J.

AU - Coffman, Keith A.

AU - Greenberg, Erica

AU - McGuire, Joseph F.

AU - Müller-Vahl, Kirsten R.

AU - Okun, Michael S.

AU - Quezada, Julio

AU - Robichaux-Viehoever, Amy

AU - Black, Kevin J.

PY - 2022/11

Y1 - 2022/11

N2 - Over the past 3 years, a global phenomenon has emerged characterized by the sudden onset and frequently rapid escalation of tics and tic-like movements and phonations. These symptoms have occurred not only in youth known to have tics or Tourette syndrome (TS), but also, and more notably, in youth with no prior history of tics. The Tourette Association of America (TAA) convened an international, multidisciplinary working group to better understand this apparent presentation of functional neurological disorder (FND) and its relationship to TS. Here, we review and summarize the literature relevant to distinguish the two, with recommendations to clinicians for diagnosis and management. Finally, we highlight areas for future emphasis and research.

AB - Over the past 3 years, a global phenomenon has emerged characterized by the sudden onset and frequently rapid escalation of tics and tic-like movements and phonations. These symptoms have occurred not only in youth known to have tics or Tourette syndrome (TS), but also, and more notably, in youth with no prior history of tics. The Tourette Association of America (TAA) convened an international, multidisciplinary working group to better understand this apparent presentation of functional neurological disorder (FND) and its relationship to TS. Here, we review and summarize the literature relevant to distinguish the two, with recommendations to clinicians for diagnosis and management. Finally, we highlight areas for future emphasis and research.

KW - Tourette syndrome

KW - diagnosis

KW - functional neurological disorder

KW - functional tic-like behaviors

KW - functional tics

KW - management

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U2 - 10.3390/jcm11216470

DO - 10.3390/jcm11216470

M3 - Review article

C2 - 36362696

AN - SCOPUS:85141681299

SN - 2077-0383

VL - 11

JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine

JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine

IS - 21

M1 - 6470

ER -

Diagnosis and Management of Functional Tic-Like Phenomena

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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