TY - JOUR
T1 - Diabetes is associated with lower global cognitive function in schizophrenia
AU - Takayanagi, Yoichiro
AU - Cascella, Nicola G.
AU - Sawa, Akira
AU - Eaton, William W.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study is supported by NIH grants (MH 53188 to WWE, P50MH094268, P20 MH084018, RO1 MH069853, RO1 MH092443, R21 MH085226, RC1 MH088753.to AS. R01 MH078175-04A1, 4R33 MH079017-03 to NGC) and grants from NARSAD,SR/RUSK, Maryland Stem to AS, Stanley to AS and NGC.
Funding Information:
This study was based on results from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness study, supported with Federal funds from the NIMH ( MH90001 ).
PY - 2012/12
Y1 - 2012/12
N2 - Background: Co-morbidity of schizophrenia (SZ) and metabolic problems such as diabetes mellitus (DM) has been suggested by many studies. Nonetheless, it is still debated whether DM affects cognitive dysfunction associated with SZ and how much treatment for DM is beneficial for cognitive functions in SZ. We addressed these questions by re-assessing the cognitive dataset from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) schizophrenia study. Methods: We identified 1289 SZ patients in which scores for several cognitive domains of verbal memory, vigilance, processing speed, reasoning, and working memory together with the composite score and metabolic characteristics (body mass index, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and DM) were available at baseline of the trial. We performed multiple linear regression analyses to assess the impact of DM on cognitive performance of SZ patients, controlling for a number of other confounding factors including obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. We also conducted analyses of covariance to compare cognitive performance among SZ patients without DM and diabetic SZ sub-groups based on anti-diabetic drugs they were receiving at baseline of the trial. Results: Co-morbid DM with SZ predicted worse overall cognitive performance and lower scores for three cognitive domains (vigilance, processing speed, and reasoning), but none of the other metabolic factors (i.e., obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia) correlated with cognitive function in SZ. Furthermore, SZ patients with untreated DM showed poorer overall cognitive performance and a significantly lower score in the domain of vigilance compared with SZ patients without DM. Conclusion: Our data suggest that DM negatively affects the overall cognitive function of SZ patients.
AB - Background: Co-morbidity of schizophrenia (SZ) and metabolic problems such as diabetes mellitus (DM) has been suggested by many studies. Nonetheless, it is still debated whether DM affects cognitive dysfunction associated with SZ and how much treatment for DM is beneficial for cognitive functions in SZ. We addressed these questions by re-assessing the cognitive dataset from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) schizophrenia study. Methods: We identified 1289 SZ patients in which scores for several cognitive domains of verbal memory, vigilance, processing speed, reasoning, and working memory together with the composite score and metabolic characteristics (body mass index, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and DM) were available at baseline of the trial. We performed multiple linear regression analyses to assess the impact of DM on cognitive performance of SZ patients, controlling for a number of other confounding factors including obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. We also conducted analyses of covariance to compare cognitive performance among SZ patients without DM and diabetic SZ sub-groups based on anti-diabetic drugs they were receiving at baseline of the trial. Results: Co-morbid DM with SZ predicted worse overall cognitive performance and lower scores for three cognitive domains (vigilance, processing speed, and reasoning), but none of the other metabolic factors (i.e., obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia) correlated with cognitive function in SZ. Furthermore, SZ patients with untreated DM showed poorer overall cognitive performance and a significantly lower score in the domain of vigilance compared with SZ patients without DM. Conclusion: Our data suggest that DM negatively affects the overall cognitive function of SZ patients.
KW - Cognitive function
KW - Diabetes
KW - Insulin resistance
KW - Metabolic syndrome
KW - Physical comorbidity
KW - Schizophrenia
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U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2012.08.034
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2012.08.034
M3 - Article
C2 - 23031192
AN - SCOPUS:84869883272
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 142
SP - 183
EP - 187
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
IS - 1-3
ER -