TY - JOUR
T1 - Development, plasticity and modulation of visceral afferents
AU - Christianson, Julie A.
AU - Bielefeldt, Klaus
AU - Altier, Christophe
AU - Cenac, Nicolas
AU - Davis, Brian M.
AU - Gebhart, Gerald F.
AU - High, Karin W.
AU - Kollarik, Marian
AU - Randich, Alan
AU - Undem, Brad
AU - Vergnolle, Nathalie
PY - 2009/4
Y1 - 2009/4
N2 - Visceral pain is the most common reason for doctor visits in the US. Like somatic pain, virtually all visceral pain sensations begin with the activation of primary sensory neurons innervating the viscera and/or the blood vessels associated with these structures. Visceral afferents also play a central role in tissue homeostasis. Recent studies show that in addition to monitoring the state of the viscera, they perform efferent functions through the release of small molecules (e.g. peptides like CGRP) that can drive inflammation, thereby contributing to the development of visceral pathologies (e.g. diabetes Razavi, R., Chan, Y., Afifiyan, F.N., Liu, X.J., Wan, X., Yantha, J., Tsui, H., Tang, L., Tsai, S., Santamaria, P., Driver, J.P., Serreze, D., Salter, M.W., Dosch, H.M., 2006. TRPV1+ sensory neurons control beta cell stress and islet inflammation in autoimmune diabetes, Cell 127 1123-1135). Visceral afferents are heterogeneous with respect to their anatomy, neurochemistry and function. They are also highly plastic in that their cellular environment continuously influences their response properties. This plasticity makes them susceptible to long-term changes that may contribute significantly to the development of persistent pain states such as those associated with irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, and visceral cancers. This review examines recent insights into visceral afferent anatomy and neurochemistry and how neonatal insults can affect the function of these neurons in the adult. New approaches to the treatment of visceral pain, which focus on primary afferents, will also be discussed.
AB - Visceral pain is the most common reason for doctor visits in the US. Like somatic pain, virtually all visceral pain sensations begin with the activation of primary sensory neurons innervating the viscera and/or the blood vessels associated with these structures. Visceral afferents also play a central role in tissue homeostasis. Recent studies show that in addition to monitoring the state of the viscera, they perform efferent functions through the release of small molecules (e.g. peptides like CGRP) that can drive inflammation, thereby contributing to the development of visceral pathologies (e.g. diabetes Razavi, R., Chan, Y., Afifiyan, F.N., Liu, X.J., Wan, X., Yantha, J., Tsui, H., Tang, L., Tsai, S., Santamaria, P., Driver, J.P., Serreze, D., Salter, M.W., Dosch, H.M., 2006. TRPV1+ sensory neurons control beta cell stress and islet inflammation in autoimmune diabetes, Cell 127 1123-1135). Visceral afferents are heterogeneous with respect to their anatomy, neurochemistry and function. They are also highly plastic in that their cellular environment continuously influences their response properties. This plasticity makes them susceptible to long-term changes that may contribute significantly to the development of persistent pain states such as those associated with irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, and visceral cancers. This review examines recent insights into visceral afferent anatomy and neurochemistry and how neonatal insults can affect the function of these neurons in the adult. New approaches to the treatment of visceral pain, which focus on primary afferents, will also be discussed.
KW - Bladder
KW - Colon
KW - Jugular
KW - Neonatal
KW - Nodose
KW - P2X
KW - Pain
KW - Pancreas
KW - TRPA1
KW - TRPV1
KW - TRPV4
KW - Vagus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=63449139698&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=63449139698&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.004
DO - 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.004
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19150371
AN - SCOPUS:63449139698
SN - 0165-0173
VL - 60
SP - 171
EP - 186
JO - Brain Research Reviews
JF - Brain Research Reviews
IS - 1
ER -