TY - JOUR
T1 - Determinants of medicare costs for elderly patients with oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers
AU - Hollenbeak, Christopher S.
AU - Kulaylat, Afif N.
AU - Mackley, Heath
AU - Koch, Wayne
AU - Schaefer, Eric W.
AU - Goldenberg, David
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2015 American Medical Association.
PY - 2015/7/1
Y1 - 2015/7/1
N2 - IMPORTANCE In the United States, nearly 8400 patients die each year from oral cavity and pharynx cancers, most of whom are 65 years and older; however, the costs attributable to these cancers are not well described. OBJECTIVE To identify the primary determinants of cost in patients with oral and pharyngeal cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this retrospective cohort analysis of data from Medicare and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results hospitals (January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2005), we studied patients 66 years and older with newly diagnosed oral cavity (n = 6724) and pharyngeal (n = 3987) cancers. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Five-year cumulative costs, defined as Medicare Parts A and B payments, were estimated using inverse probability weighting. Linear regression analysis with inverse probability weighting was used in multivariate analyses of costs to estimate the effects of covariates on cumulative costs. RESULTS In multivariate analyses, costs were significantly increased by demographics, comorbidities, and treatment selection. Compared with white patients, African Americans accumulated $11 450 (95%CI, $1320-$22 299) and $25 093 (95%CI, $14 917-$34 985) more in costs for oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. The presence of 1 or 2 comorbidities increased the mean 5-year cumulative costs by $13 342 (95%CI, $6248-$19 186) and $14 139 (95%CI, $6009-$22 217) for patients with oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. For 3 or more comorbidities, the mean 5-year cumulative costs increased by $22 196 (95%CI, $15 319-$28 614) and $27 799 (95%CI, $19 139-$36 702) for patients with oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. Patients who received chemotherapy accumulated a mean of $26 919 (95%CI, $18 309-$35 056) and $37 407 (95%CI, $29 971-$44 644) more in costs by 5 years for oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Oral and pharyngeal cancer is burdensome to elderly patients from a Medicare cost perspective. Several factors were associated with 5-year costs, including some modifiable factors that may be potential targets for interventions to reduce overall costs.
AB - IMPORTANCE In the United States, nearly 8400 patients die each year from oral cavity and pharynx cancers, most of whom are 65 years and older; however, the costs attributable to these cancers are not well described. OBJECTIVE To identify the primary determinants of cost in patients with oral and pharyngeal cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this retrospective cohort analysis of data from Medicare and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results hospitals (January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2005), we studied patients 66 years and older with newly diagnosed oral cavity (n = 6724) and pharyngeal (n = 3987) cancers. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Five-year cumulative costs, defined as Medicare Parts A and B payments, were estimated using inverse probability weighting. Linear regression analysis with inverse probability weighting was used in multivariate analyses of costs to estimate the effects of covariates on cumulative costs. RESULTS In multivariate analyses, costs were significantly increased by demographics, comorbidities, and treatment selection. Compared with white patients, African Americans accumulated $11 450 (95%CI, $1320-$22 299) and $25 093 (95%CI, $14 917-$34 985) more in costs for oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. The presence of 1 or 2 comorbidities increased the mean 5-year cumulative costs by $13 342 (95%CI, $6248-$19 186) and $14 139 (95%CI, $6009-$22 217) for patients with oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. For 3 or more comorbidities, the mean 5-year cumulative costs increased by $22 196 (95%CI, $15 319-$28 614) and $27 799 (95%CI, $19 139-$36 702) for patients with oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. Patients who received chemotherapy accumulated a mean of $26 919 (95%CI, $18 309-$35 056) and $37 407 (95%CI, $29 971-$44 644) more in costs by 5 years for oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Oral and pharyngeal cancer is burdensome to elderly patients from a Medicare cost perspective. Several factors were associated with 5-year costs, including some modifiable factors that may be potential targets for interventions to reduce overall costs.
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U2 - 10.1001/jamaoto.2015.0940
DO - 10.1001/jamaoto.2015.0940
M3 - Article
C2 - 26042925
AN - SCOPUS:84937896213
SN - 2168-6181
VL - 141
SP - 628
EP - 635
JO - JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
JF - JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
IS - 7
ER -