TY - JOUR
T1 - Design of an intervention to minimize ingestion of fecal microbes by young children in Rural Zimbabwe
AU - Mbuya, Mduduzi N.N.
AU - Tavengwa, Naume V.
AU - Stoltzfus, Rebecca J.
AU - Curtis, Valerie
AU - Pelto, Gretel H.
AU - Ntozini, Robert
AU - Kambarami, Rukundo A.
AU - Fundira, Dadirai
AU - Malaba, Thokozile R.
AU - Maunze, Diana
AU - Morgan, Peter
AU - Mangwadu, Goldberg
AU - Humphrey, Jean H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
PY - 2015/12/15
Y1 - 2015/12/15
N2 - We sought to develop a water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention to minimize fecal-oral transmission among children aged 0-18 months in the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial. We undertook 4 phases of formative research, comprising in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, behavior trials, and a combination of observations and microbiological sampling methods. The resulting WASH intervention comprises material inputs and behavior change communication to promote stool disposal, handwashing with soap, water treatment, protected exploratory play, and hygienic infant feeding. Nurture and disgust were found to be key motivators, and are used as emotional triggers. The concept of a safe play space for young children was particularly novel, and families were eager to implement this after learning about the risks of unprotected exploratory play. An iterative process of formative research was essential to create a sequenced and integrated longitudinal intervention for a SHINE household as it expects (during pregnancy) and then cares for a new child.
AB - We sought to develop a water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention to minimize fecal-oral transmission among children aged 0-18 months in the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial. We undertook 4 phases of formative research, comprising in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, behavior trials, and a combination of observations and microbiological sampling methods. The resulting WASH intervention comprises material inputs and behavior change communication to promote stool disposal, handwashing with soap, water treatment, protected exploratory play, and hygienic infant feeding. Nurture and disgust were found to be key motivators, and are used as emotional triggers. The concept of a safe play space for young children was particularly novel, and families were eager to implement this after learning about the risks of unprotected exploratory play. An iterative process of formative research was essential to create a sequenced and integrated longitudinal intervention for a SHINE household as it expects (during pregnancy) and then cares for a new child.
KW - environmental enteric dysfunction
KW - formative research
KW - intervention design research
KW - stunting
KW - water, sanitation and hygiene
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84950325915&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1093/cid/civ845
DO - 10.1093/cid/civ845
M3 - Article
C2 - 26602297
AN - SCOPUS:84950325915
SN - 1058-4838
VL - 61
SP - S703-S709
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases
ER -