TY - JOUR
T1 - Depression and glycemic intake in the homebound elderly
AU - Mwamburi, D. Mkaya
AU - Liebson, Elizabeth
AU - Folstein, Marshal
AU - Bungay, Kathleen
AU - Tucker, Katherine L.
AU - Qiu, Wei Qiao
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants from the NIA, AG-022476 for W.Q.Q and AG-21790 for M.F.F and I.R. Support was also provided through the General Clinical Research Center funded by the National Center for Research Resources of the NIH under grant no. MO1-RR00054 .
PY - 2011/7
Y1 - 2011/7
N2 - Background: Depression is associated with an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism is unclear. We aimed to study the relationship between depression and glycemic intake in the elderly, and examine whether antidepressant use modified this relationship. Design, setting and participants: We evaluated 976 homebound elders in a cross-sectional study. Depression was defined by having a Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) score ≥ 16. Antidepressant use was documented. Glycemic index (GI), Glycemic load (GL), and fasting blood insulin levels were measured. Results: Depressed elders had slightly higher GI (Mean ± SD: 55.8 ± 3.8 vs. 55.1 ± 3.7, P = 0.003) and higher insulin levels (Median: 84.0 vs. 74.4 pmol/ml, P = 0.05) than non-depressed elders. Depressed elders receiving antidepressants, primarily selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), had lower GI (Mean ± SD: 55.1 ± 4.7 vs. 56.2 ± 3.4, P = 0.002) and GL (Median: 170.3 vs. 6826.3, P = 0.03) than those not taking antidepressants. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, GI remained positively associated with depression (β = + 0.65, SE = 0.28, P = 0.02); the logarithm of GL was positively associated with depression (β = + 0.33, SE = 0.17, P = 0.05) and negatively associated with antidepressant use (β = - 0.54, SE = 0.18, P = 0.003). Conclusions: Prospective studies are needed to examine whether high glycemic intake is a mediating factor between late life depression and the risk of type 2 diabetes.
AB - Background: Depression is associated with an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism is unclear. We aimed to study the relationship between depression and glycemic intake in the elderly, and examine whether antidepressant use modified this relationship. Design, setting and participants: We evaluated 976 homebound elders in a cross-sectional study. Depression was defined by having a Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) score ≥ 16. Antidepressant use was documented. Glycemic index (GI), Glycemic load (GL), and fasting blood insulin levels were measured. Results: Depressed elders had slightly higher GI (Mean ± SD: 55.8 ± 3.8 vs. 55.1 ± 3.7, P = 0.003) and higher insulin levels (Median: 84.0 vs. 74.4 pmol/ml, P = 0.05) than non-depressed elders. Depressed elders receiving antidepressants, primarily selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), had lower GI (Mean ± SD: 55.1 ± 4.7 vs. 56.2 ± 3.4, P = 0.002) and GL (Median: 170.3 vs. 6826.3, P = 0.03) than those not taking antidepressants. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, GI remained positively associated with depression (β = + 0.65, SE = 0.28, P = 0.02); the logarithm of GL was positively associated with depression (β = + 0.33, SE = 0.17, P = 0.05) and negatively associated with antidepressant use (β = - 0.54, SE = 0.18, P = 0.003). Conclusions: Prospective studies are needed to examine whether high glycemic intake is a mediating factor between late life depression and the risk of type 2 diabetes.
KW - Antidepressants
KW - Depression
KW - Elderly
KW - Glycemic intake
KW - Type 2 diabetes
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.002
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 21396718
AN - SCOPUS:79958167394
SN - 0165-0327
VL - 132
SP - 94
EP - 98
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
IS - 1-2
ER -