TY - JOUR
T1 - Defining the key parameters for comparing reactions among acellular and whole-cell pertussis vaccines
AU - Pichichero, M. E.
AU - Christy, C.
AU - Decker, M. D.
AU - Steinhoff, M. C.
AU - Edwards, K. M.
AU - Rennels, M. B.
AU - Anderson, E. L.
AU - Englund, J. A.
PY - 1995
Y1 - 1995
N2 - Objective. To facilitate future vaccine reaction data collection and analysis, we sought to determine the minimum data set required to describe accurately and to compare common reactions after the administration of acellular (DTaP) or whole-cell (DTP) pertussis vaccine with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids combined. Methods. Thirteen DTaP and 2 DTP vaccines were studied in a multicenter trial involving 2342 infants who received a primary series of vaccinations at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Temperature, fussiness, redness, swelling and pain at the injection site, antipyretic use, drowsiness, loss of appetite, and vomiting were evaluated. Reactions were assessed at 3 hours and (if not immunized in the evening) 6 hours after immunization, at bedtime each evening for 7 evenings, and on the 14th evening after immunization. Results. Two reaction assessment approaches were compared: (1) analysis of all reactions, regardless of the degree of severity; and (2) a condensation of the data to five key reactions (fever >100°F, moderate or more fussiness, any local redness, any local swelling, and moderate or more local pain). We found that the onset of reactions was infrequent beyond the second evening, and that collection and analysis of reaction data beyond that time did not further discriminate among the vaccines. Information regarding antipyretic use, loss of appetite, drowsiness, or vomiting did not assist in differentiating among these vaccines. Conclusion. Monitoring the occurrence of fever greater than 100°F, moderate or severe fussiness, injection site redness or swelling, and moderate or severe injection site pain occurring through the second evening after immunization will provide the minimum data set needed to discriminate among DTaP and DTP vaccines with respect to the common adverse reactions.
AB - Objective. To facilitate future vaccine reaction data collection and analysis, we sought to determine the minimum data set required to describe accurately and to compare common reactions after the administration of acellular (DTaP) or whole-cell (DTP) pertussis vaccine with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids combined. Methods. Thirteen DTaP and 2 DTP vaccines were studied in a multicenter trial involving 2342 infants who received a primary series of vaccinations at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Temperature, fussiness, redness, swelling and pain at the injection site, antipyretic use, drowsiness, loss of appetite, and vomiting were evaluated. Reactions were assessed at 3 hours and (if not immunized in the evening) 6 hours after immunization, at bedtime each evening for 7 evenings, and on the 14th evening after immunization. Results. Two reaction assessment approaches were compared: (1) analysis of all reactions, regardless of the degree of severity; and (2) a condensation of the data to five key reactions (fever >100°F, moderate or more fussiness, any local redness, any local swelling, and moderate or more local pain). We found that the onset of reactions was infrequent beyond the second evening, and that collection and analysis of reaction data beyond that time did not further discriminate among the vaccines. Information regarding antipyretic use, loss of appetite, drowsiness, or vomiting did not assist in differentiating among these vaccines. Conclusion. Monitoring the occurrence of fever greater than 100°F, moderate or severe fussiness, injection site redness or swelling, and moderate or severe injection site pain occurring through the second evening after immunization will provide the minimum data set needed to discriminate among DTaP and DTP vaccines with respect to the common adverse reactions.
KW - acellular
KW - adverse reactions
KW - diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine
KW - pertussis vaccine
KW - whole-cell
KW - whooping cough
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M3 - Article
C2 - 7659482
AN - SCOPUS:0029147131
SN - 0031-4005
VL - 96
SP - 588
EP - 592
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
IS - 3 II SUPPL.
ER -