TY - JOUR
T1 - Cytomegalovirus (CMV) blood DNA load, CMV retinitis progression, and occurrence of resistant CMV in patients with CMV retinitis
AU - Jabs, Douglas A.
AU - Martin, Barbara K.
AU - Forman, Michael S.
AU - Ricks, Michelle O.
N1 - Funding Information:
Received 25 January 2005; accepted 25 March 2005; electronically published 11 July 2005. Potential conflicts of interest: Roche Laboratories provided partial support for the present study. Financial support: National Institutes of Health (NIH) (grants EY-10268 and EY-15643 to D.A.J.); National Eye Institute, NIH; NIH/National Center for Research Resources (grant M01-RR00052 to The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine); Roche Laboratories (unrestricted grant). a Cytomegalovirus Retinitis and Viral Resistance Research Group members are listed after the text. Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Douglas A. Jabs, The Wilmer Eye Institute, 550 North Broadway, Ste. 700, Baltimore, MD 21205 (djabs@jhmi.edu).
PY - 2005/8/15
Y1 - 2005/8/15
N2 - Background. The amount of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in the blood (CMV load) may be a marker for detection of resistant CMV. Methods. A total of 165 patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis had CMV load measurements (plasma and leukocyte) and cultures performed every 3 months; these measurements were correlated with CMV resistance to antiviral drugs and CMV retinitis progression (from masked readings of retinal photographs). Results. Detectable plasma and leukocyte CMV loads were associated with CMV retinitis progression (odds ratios [OR], 6.3; P < .0001 and OR, 6.6; P < .0001, respectively), phenotypic resistance (OR, 6.1; P < .0001 and OR, 23.4; P = .0002, respectively), and genotypic resistance (OR, 17.5; P < .0001 and OR, 51.6; P = .0004, respectively). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of plasma CMV loads were 0.47, 0.86, 0.36, and 0.91, respectively, for progression and 0.59, 0.81, 0.07, and 0.99, respectively, for resistance; those of leukocyte CMV loads were 0.52, 0.83, 0.35, and 0.91, respectively, for progression and 0.82, 0.78, 0.08, and 0.99, respectively, for resistance. A detectable plasma CMV load at the time of diagnosis of CMV retinitis was associated with mortality (median survival time, 13.6 vs. 29.7 months; P = .007). Conclusions. CMV load has limited clinical utility, because of its low positive predictive value. Its high negative predictive value for occurrence of resistant CMV suggests that it may have utility as a screening tool to exclude resistance.
AB - Background. The amount of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in the blood (CMV load) may be a marker for detection of resistant CMV. Methods. A total of 165 patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis had CMV load measurements (plasma and leukocyte) and cultures performed every 3 months; these measurements were correlated with CMV resistance to antiviral drugs and CMV retinitis progression (from masked readings of retinal photographs). Results. Detectable plasma and leukocyte CMV loads were associated with CMV retinitis progression (odds ratios [OR], 6.3; P < .0001 and OR, 6.6; P < .0001, respectively), phenotypic resistance (OR, 6.1; P < .0001 and OR, 23.4; P = .0002, respectively), and genotypic resistance (OR, 17.5; P < .0001 and OR, 51.6; P = .0004, respectively). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of plasma CMV loads were 0.47, 0.86, 0.36, and 0.91, respectively, for progression and 0.59, 0.81, 0.07, and 0.99, respectively, for resistance; those of leukocyte CMV loads were 0.52, 0.83, 0.35, and 0.91, respectively, for progression and 0.82, 0.78, 0.08, and 0.99, respectively, for resistance. A detectable plasma CMV load at the time of diagnosis of CMV retinitis was associated with mortality (median survival time, 13.6 vs. 29.7 months; P = .007). Conclusions. CMV load has limited clinical utility, because of its low positive predictive value. Its high negative predictive value for occurrence of resistant CMV suggests that it may have utility as a screening tool to exclude resistance.
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U2 - 10.1086/432012
DO - 10.1086/432012
M3 - Article
C2 - 16028133
AN - SCOPUS:23244462246
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 192
SP - 640
EP - 649
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 4
ER -