TY - JOUR
T1 - Cytokine induction by Gram-positive bacteria
AU - Draing, Christian
AU - Sigel, Stefanie
AU - Deininger, Susanne
AU - Traub, Stephanie
AU - Munke, Rebekka
AU - Mayer, Christoph
AU - Hareng, Lars
AU - Hartung, Thomas
AU - von Aulock, Sonja
AU - Hermann, Corinna
PY - 2008/5/14
Y1 - 2008/5/14
N2 - Despite similar clinical relevance of Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections, immune activation by Gram-positive bacteria is by far less well understood than immune activation by Gram-negative bacteria. Our group has made available highly purified lipoteichoic acids (LTA) as a key Gram-positive immunostimulatory component. We have characterized the reasons for lower potency of LTA compared to Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS), identifying lack of IL-12/IFNγ induction as a general characteristic of TLR2 agonists, and need for presentation of LTA on surfaces for enhanced immunostimulatory potency, as major aspects. Aspects of chemokine induction, where LTA is more potent than LPS, have been addressed. Furthermore, novel complement and plant defence activation, as well as CD36 as a new LTA receptor, were identified. The bacterial costimuli and modulators of LTA inducible responses are being investigated: LTA isolated from so far 16 bacterial species, although different in structure, behave remarkably similar while whole live and killed bacteria differ with regard to the pattern of induced responses. The purification and characterization of the respective components of the bacterial cell wall has begun.
AB - Despite similar clinical relevance of Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections, immune activation by Gram-positive bacteria is by far less well understood than immune activation by Gram-negative bacteria. Our group has made available highly purified lipoteichoic acids (LTA) as a key Gram-positive immunostimulatory component. We have characterized the reasons for lower potency of LTA compared to Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS), identifying lack of IL-12/IFNγ induction as a general characteristic of TLR2 agonists, and need for presentation of LTA on surfaces for enhanced immunostimulatory potency, as major aspects. Aspects of chemokine induction, where LTA is more potent than LPS, have been addressed. Furthermore, novel complement and plant defence activation, as well as CD36 as a new LTA receptor, were identified. The bacterial costimuli and modulators of LTA inducible responses are being investigated: LTA isolated from so far 16 bacterial species, although different in structure, behave remarkably similar while whole live and killed bacteria differ with regard to the pattern of induced responses. The purification and characterization of the respective components of the bacterial cell wall has begun.
KW - Cytokines
KW - Gram-positive bacteria
KW - Inate immunity
KW - Lipoteichoic acid
KW - Monocytes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=41649107808&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=41649107808&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.12.001
DO - 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.12.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 18406374
AN - SCOPUS:41649107808
VL - 213
SP - 285
EP - 296
JO - Zeitschrift für Immunitätsforschung und experimentelle Therapie
JF - Zeitschrift für Immunitätsforschung und experimentelle Therapie
SN - 0171-2985
IS - 3-4
ER -