Computational modeling of ventricular heterogeneity in the electrophysiology of cardiac muscle

Computer models of Epi, Mid, and Endo canine ventricular myocytes incorporated into a 3D model of a ventricular wedge preparation. The single cell models simulate transmembrane currents, calcium handling mechanisms, and isometric force generation of normal cardiac myocytes. The wedge model includes a realistic ventricular geometry and fiber orientation, and a surrounding volume conductor in which transmural ECGs are computed. The single cell and wedge models provide a novel approach that can be used to investigate the ramifications of ventricular heterigeneity in cell types on both cellular and tissue level electrophysiology, and may help resolve the most appropriate targets for improved therapeutics.