TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of HIV infection risk behaviors among injection drug users from East and West Coast US cities
AU - Garfein, Richard S.
AU - Monterroso, Edgar R.
AU - Tong, Tony C.
AU - Vlahov, David
AU - Des Jarlais, Don C.
AU - Selwyn, Peter
AU - Kerndt, Peter R.
AU - Word, Carl
AU - Fernando, M. Daniel
AU - Ouellet, Lawrence J.
AU - Holmberg, Scott D.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by cooperative agreements from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank the Collaborative Injection Drug Users Study participants and staff for contributing to this research.
PY - 2004/6
Y1 - 2004/6
N2 - This study assessed whether behavioral differences explained higher human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence among injection drug users (IDUs) in three East Coast versus two West Coast cities in the United States. Sociodemographic, sexual, and injecting information were collected during semiannual face-to-face interviews. Baseline data from New York City; Baltimore, Maryland; and New Haven, Connecticut, were compared with data from Los Angeles, California, and San Jose, California. Among 1,528 East Coast and 1,149 West Coast participants, HIV seroprevalence was 21.5% and 2.3%, respectively (odds ratio [OR] 11.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.9-17.8). HIV risk behaviors were common among IDUs on both coasts, and several were more common among West Coast participants. Adjusting for potential risk factors, East (vs. West) Coast of residence remained highly associated with HIV status (adjusted OR 12.14; 95% CI 7.36-20.00). Differences in HIV seroprevalence between East and West Coast cities did not reflect self-reported injection or sexual risk behavior differences. This suggests that other factors must be considered, such as the probability of having HIV-infected injection or sexual partners. Prevention efforts are needed on the West Coast to decrease HIV-associated risk behaviors among IDUs, and further efforts are also needed to reduce HIV incidence on the East Coast.
AB - This study assessed whether behavioral differences explained higher human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence among injection drug users (IDUs) in three East Coast versus two West Coast cities in the United States. Sociodemographic, sexual, and injecting information were collected during semiannual face-to-face interviews. Baseline data from New York City; Baltimore, Maryland; and New Haven, Connecticut, were compared with data from Los Angeles, California, and San Jose, California. Among 1,528 East Coast and 1,149 West Coast participants, HIV seroprevalence was 21.5% and 2.3%, respectively (odds ratio [OR] 11.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.9-17.8). HIV risk behaviors were common among IDUs on both coasts, and several were more common among West Coast participants. Adjusting for potential risk factors, East (vs. West) Coast of residence remained highly associated with HIV status (adjusted OR 12.14; 95% CI 7.36-20.00). Differences in HIV seroprevalence between East and West Coast cities did not reflect self-reported injection or sexual risk behavior differences. This suggests that other factors must be considered, such as the probability of having HIV-infected injection or sexual partners. Prevention efforts are needed on the West Coast to decrease HIV-associated risk behaviors among IDUs, and further efforts are also needed to reduce HIV incidence on the East Coast.
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Human immunodeficiency virus
KW - Incidence
KW - Injection drug use
KW - Prevalence
KW - Risk factors
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U2 - 10.1093/jurban/jth112
DO - 10.1093/jurban/jth112
M3 - Article
C2 - 15136659
AN - SCOPUS:3042663317
SN - 1099-3460
VL - 81
SP - 260
EP - 267
JO - Journal of Urban Health
JF - Journal of Urban Health
IS - 2
ER -