TY - JOUR
T1 - Common Factors in Pediatric Psychiatry
T2 - A Review of Essential and Adjunctive Mechanisms of Treatment Outcome
AU - De Nadai, Alessandro S.
AU - Karver, Marc S.
AU - Murphy, Tanya K.
AU - Cavitt, Mark A.
AU - Alvaro, Jeffrey L.
AU - Bengtson, Michael
AU - Stock, Saundra
AU - Rakhshani, Andrew C.
AU - Storch, Eric A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health under Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award number F31MH094095 from the National Institute of Mental Health (A.S.D.N.).
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2017.
PY - 2017/2
Y1 - 2017/2
N2 - Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the literature on hypothesized behavioral correlates of pharmacotherapy treatment response. A particular focus is placed on what have been referred to as "common factors" across mental health treatments, including medication adherence, therapeutic alliance, motivation for behavior change, and expectancies for positive treatment outcomes. These understudied factors may provide unique explanations for mechanisms of symptom change, patient risk as a result of protocol deviation, and attenuated treatment outcomes. Method: A literature search was conducted to evaluate the relationship between treatment processes in pediatric psychiatry and medication adherence, therapeutic alliance, motivation for behavior change, and expectancies for positive treatment outcomes. Results: Substantial variability and room for improvement was identified for each common factor. Behavioral protocols have already been developed to address many aspects of common factors in pediatric psychiatric treatment, but are not yet a part of many practice parameters. Conclusion: Interventions to improve common factors can be used immediately in tandem with psychopharmacological interventions to provide increased symptom relief and reduce patient risk. Furthermore, incorporating instruction in common factors interventions can positively affect training of future providers and enhance understanding of the mechanisms of effect of medications. An increased focus on common factors, with a particular emphasis on quantifying the magnitude and mechanisms of their effects on psychopharmacological interventions stand to benefit child patients, their families, treatment providers, training facilities, and pharmaceutical manufacturers.
AB - Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the literature on hypothesized behavioral correlates of pharmacotherapy treatment response. A particular focus is placed on what have been referred to as "common factors" across mental health treatments, including medication adherence, therapeutic alliance, motivation for behavior change, and expectancies for positive treatment outcomes. These understudied factors may provide unique explanations for mechanisms of symptom change, patient risk as a result of protocol deviation, and attenuated treatment outcomes. Method: A literature search was conducted to evaluate the relationship between treatment processes in pediatric psychiatry and medication adherence, therapeutic alliance, motivation for behavior change, and expectancies for positive treatment outcomes. Results: Substantial variability and room for improvement was identified for each common factor. Behavioral protocols have already been developed to address many aspects of common factors in pediatric psychiatric treatment, but are not yet a part of many practice parameters. Conclusion: Interventions to improve common factors can be used immediately in tandem with psychopharmacological interventions to provide increased symptom relief and reduce patient risk. Furthermore, incorporating instruction in common factors interventions can positively affect training of future providers and enhance understanding of the mechanisms of effect of medications. An increased focus on common factors, with a particular emphasis on quantifying the magnitude and mechanisms of their effects on psychopharmacological interventions stand to benefit child patients, their families, treatment providers, training facilities, and pharmaceutical manufacturers.
KW - adherence
KW - alliance
KW - common factors
KW - expectancies
KW - motivation
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U2 - 10.1089/cap.2015.0263
DO - 10.1089/cap.2015.0263
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27128785
AN - SCOPUS:85013177960
SN - 1044-5463
VL - 27
SP - 10
EP - 18
JO - Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
JF - Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
IS - 1
ER -