TY - JOUR
T1 - Common and distinct amygdala-function perturbations in depressed vs anxious adolescents
AU - Beesdo, Katja
AU - Lau, Jennifer Y.F.
AU - Guyer, Amanda E.
AU - McClure-Tone, Erin B.
AU - Monk, Christopher S.
AU - Nelson, Eric E.
AU - Fromm, Stephen J.
AU - Goldwin, Michelle A.
AU - Wittchen, Hans Ulrich
AU - Leibenluft, Ellen
AU - Ernst, Monique
AU - Pine, Daniel S.
PY - 2009/3
Y1 - 2009/3
N2 - Centext: Few studies directly compare amygdala function in depressive and anxiety disorders. Data from longitudinal, research, emphasize the need for such studies in adolescents. Objective: To compare amygdala response to varying attention and emotion conditions among adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) or anxiety disorders, relative to adolescents with no psychopathology. Design: Case-control, study. Setting: Government clinical research institute. Participants: Eighty-seven adolescents matched on age, sex, intelligence, and social class: 26 with MDD (14 with and 12 without anxiety disorders), 16 with anxiety disorders but no depression, and 45 without psychopathology. Main Outcome Measures: Blood, oxygen level-dependent signal, in the amygdala, measured by means of event-related functional magnetic, resonance imaging. During imaging, participants viewed facial expressions (neutral, fearful, angry, and happy) while attention wasconstrained (afraid, hostility, and nose-width ratings) or unconstrained (passive viewing). Results: Left and right amygdala activation differed as a function of diagnosis, facial expression, and attention condition both when patients with comorbid MDD and anxiety were included and when they were excluded (group X emotion X attention interactions, P ≤ .03). Focusing on fearful, face-viewing events, patients with anxiety and those with MDD both differed in amygdala responses from healthy participants and from each other during passive viewing. However, both MDD and anxiety groups, relative to healthy participants, exhibited similar signs of amygdala hyperactivation to fearful faces when subjectively experienced fear was rated. Conclusions: Adolescent MDD and anxiety disorders exhibit common and distinct functional neural correlates during face processing. Attention modulates the degree to which common or distinct amygdala perturbations manifest in these patient groups, relative to healthy peers.
AB - Centext: Few studies directly compare amygdala function in depressive and anxiety disorders. Data from longitudinal, research, emphasize the need for such studies in adolescents. Objective: To compare amygdala response to varying attention and emotion conditions among adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) or anxiety disorders, relative to adolescents with no psychopathology. Design: Case-control, study. Setting: Government clinical research institute. Participants: Eighty-seven adolescents matched on age, sex, intelligence, and social class: 26 with MDD (14 with and 12 without anxiety disorders), 16 with anxiety disorders but no depression, and 45 without psychopathology. Main Outcome Measures: Blood, oxygen level-dependent signal, in the amygdala, measured by means of event-related functional magnetic, resonance imaging. During imaging, participants viewed facial expressions (neutral, fearful, angry, and happy) while attention wasconstrained (afraid, hostility, and nose-width ratings) or unconstrained (passive viewing). Results: Left and right amygdala activation differed as a function of diagnosis, facial expression, and attention condition both when patients with comorbid MDD and anxiety were included and when they were excluded (group X emotion X attention interactions, P ≤ .03). Focusing on fearful, face-viewing events, patients with anxiety and those with MDD both differed in amygdala responses from healthy participants and from each other during passive viewing. However, both MDD and anxiety groups, relative to healthy participants, exhibited similar signs of amygdala hyperactivation to fearful faces when subjectively experienced fear was rated. Conclusions: Adolescent MDD and anxiety disorders exhibit common and distinct functional neural correlates during face processing. Attention modulates the degree to which common or distinct amygdala perturbations manifest in these patient groups, relative to healthy peers.
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U2 - 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.545
DO - 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.545
M3 - Article
C2 - 19255377
AN - SCOPUS:61449255440
SN - 0003-990X
VL - 66
SP - 275
EP - 285
JO - Archives of general psychiatry
JF - Archives of general psychiatry
IS - 3
ER -