TY - JOUR
T1 - Coinfection With Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I and HIV in Brazil
T2 - Impact on Markers of HIV Disease Progression
AU - Schechter, Mauro
AU - Harrison, Lee H.
AU - Halsey, Neal A.
AU - Trade, Georgia
AU - Santino, Marcelo
AU - Moulton, Lawrence H.
AU - Quinn, Thomas C.
PY - 1994/2/2
Y1 - 1994/2/2
N2 - To study the effect of human T-cell lymphtropic virus type I (HTLV-I) on markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. —A retrospective, nested case-control study. —A university hospital outpatient HIV clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. —Human immunodeficiency virus—seropositive adults participating in a prospective HIV cohort study. —The HIV clinical stage, CD4+ lymphocyte counts, and other laboratory parameters ian 27 individuals infected with HIV and HTLV-I (coinfection) and 99 age-matched, HIV-seropositive, HTLV-seronegative controls (single infection). —Variables independently associated with coinfection included higher CD4+ lymphocyte count (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.3,4.1), higher CD4+ percentage (OR, 2.0; 95% CL, 1.3, 3.2), β2-microglobulin level of 254 nmol/L or more (OR, 6.8; 95% CL, 1.3, 35.4), World Health Organization stages 3 and 4 (OR, 4.4; 95% CL, 1.1,18.0), and reporting a parenteral risk factor (OR, 7.4; 95% CL, 1.4, 38.9). When stratified by p24 antigenemia, coinfection was associated with an e~stimated 82% higher CD4+ lymphocyte count (P.05). —Coinfection was associated with higher CD4+ lymphocyte counts, more advanced clinical disease, and higher β2-microglobulin levels than HIV infection alone. The higher mean CD4+ lymphocyte count does not appear to offer immunologic benefit. Caution should be exercised when using CD4+ lymphocytes as a surrogate marker in studies of HIV infection in populations where HTLV-I is prevalent. Further studies are needed to address whether current CD4+ lymphocyte values for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy and chemoprophylaxis against opportunistic infections in HIV infection are appropriate in coinfection. (JAMA. 1994;271:353-357).
AB - To study the effect of human T-cell lymphtropic virus type I (HTLV-I) on markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. —A retrospective, nested case-control study. —A university hospital outpatient HIV clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. —Human immunodeficiency virus—seropositive adults participating in a prospective HIV cohort study. —The HIV clinical stage, CD4+ lymphocyte counts, and other laboratory parameters ian 27 individuals infected with HIV and HTLV-I (coinfection) and 99 age-matched, HIV-seropositive, HTLV-seronegative controls (single infection). —Variables independently associated with coinfection included higher CD4+ lymphocyte count (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.3,4.1), higher CD4+ percentage (OR, 2.0; 95% CL, 1.3, 3.2), β2-microglobulin level of 254 nmol/L or more (OR, 6.8; 95% CL, 1.3, 35.4), World Health Organization stages 3 and 4 (OR, 4.4; 95% CL, 1.1,18.0), and reporting a parenteral risk factor (OR, 7.4; 95% CL, 1.4, 38.9). When stratified by p24 antigenemia, coinfection was associated with an e~stimated 82% higher CD4+ lymphocyte count (P.05). —Coinfection was associated with higher CD4+ lymphocyte counts, more advanced clinical disease, and higher β2-microglobulin levels than HIV infection alone. The higher mean CD4+ lymphocyte count does not appear to offer immunologic benefit. Caution should be exercised when using CD4+ lymphocytes as a surrogate marker in studies of HIV infection in populations where HTLV-I is prevalent. Further studies are needed to address whether current CD4+ lymphocyte values for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy and chemoprophylaxis against opportunistic infections in HIV infection are appropriate in coinfection. (JAMA. 1994;271:353-357).
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U2 - 10.1001/jama.1994.03510290035033
DO - 10.1001/jama.1994.03510290035033
M3 - Article
C2 - 7904317
AN - SCOPUS:84942477725
SN - 0098-7484
VL - 271
SP - 353
EP - 357
JO - JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
JF - JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
IS - 5
ER -