Clinical implications of otolith-ocular reflexes

While difficult to test clinically, otolith-induced vestibular responses play an important role in both vestibulo-ocular and vestibulo-spinal reflexes, and are likely a source of symptoms in patients with vestibular disorders. Here we review basic aspects of otolith-induced vestibulo-ocular reflexes and consider some clinical implications of disordered otolith function. Emphasis is placed on ocular responses to translation and to tilt and the influence of gravity on vestibulo-ocular responses induced during head rotation.