TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical characteristics and predictors of 28-day mortality in 352 critically ill patients with COVID-19
T2 - A retrospective study
AU - Alharthy, Abdulrahman
AU - Aletreby, Waleed
AU - Faqihi, Fahad
AU - Balhamar, Abdullah
AU - Alaklobi, Feisal
AU - Alanezi, Khaled
AU - Jaganathan, Parameaswari
AU - Tamim, Hani
AU - Alqahtani, Saleh A.
AU - Karakitsos, Dimitrios
AU - Memish, Ziad A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Background: Since the first COVID-19 patient in Saudi Arabia (March, 2020) more than 338,539 cases and approximately 4996 dead were reported. We present the main characteristics and outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients that were admitted in the largest Ministry of Health Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective study, analyzed routine epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data of COVID-19 critically ill patients in King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between March 20, 2020 and May 31, 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays performed on nasopharyngeal swabs in all enrolled cases. Outcome measures such as 28-days mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and ICU length of stay were analyzed. Results: Three-hundred-and-fifty-two critically ill COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Patients had a mean age of 50.63 ± 13.3 years, 87.2% were males, and 49.4% were active smokers. Upon ICU admission, 56.8% of patients were mechanically ventilated with peripheral oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen (SpO2/FiO2) ratio of 158 ± 32. No co-infections with other endemic viruses were observed. Duration of mechanical ventilation was 16 (IQR: 8-28) days; ICU length of stay was 18 (IQR: 9-29) days, and 28-day mortality was 32.1%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that old age [Odds Ratio (OR): 1.15, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 1.03-1.21], active smoking [OR: 3, 95% CI: 2.51-3.66], pulmonary embolism [OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 2.65-3.36), decreased SpO2/FiO2 ratio [OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.97], and increased lactate [OR: 3.9, 95% CI: 2.4-4.9], and d-dimers [OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.57-3.12] were mortality predictors. Conclusion: Old age, active smoking, pulmonary embolism, decreased SpO2/FiO2 ratio, and increased lactate and d-dimers were predictors of 28-day mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
AB - Background: Since the first COVID-19 patient in Saudi Arabia (March, 2020) more than 338,539 cases and approximately 4996 dead were reported. We present the main characteristics and outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients that were admitted in the largest Ministry of Health Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective study, analyzed routine epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data of COVID-19 critically ill patients in King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between March 20, 2020 and May 31, 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays performed on nasopharyngeal swabs in all enrolled cases. Outcome measures such as 28-days mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and ICU length of stay were analyzed. Results: Three-hundred-and-fifty-two critically ill COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Patients had a mean age of 50.63 ± 13.3 years, 87.2% were males, and 49.4% were active smokers. Upon ICU admission, 56.8% of patients were mechanically ventilated with peripheral oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen (SpO2/FiO2) ratio of 158 ± 32. No co-infections with other endemic viruses were observed. Duration of mechanical ventilation was 16 (IQR: 8-28) days; ICU length of stay was 18 (IQR: 9-29) days, and 28-day mortality was 32.1%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that old age [Odds Ratio (OR): 1.15, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 1.03-1.21], active smoking [OR: 3, 95% CI: 2.51-3.66], pulmonary embolism [OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 2.65-3.36), decreased SpO2/FiO2 ratio [OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.97], and increased lactate [OR: 3.9, 95% CI: 2.4-4.9], and d-dimers [OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.57-3.12] were mortality predictors. Conclusion: Old age, active smoking, pulmonary embolism, decreased SpO2/FiO2 ratio, and increased lactate and d-dimers were predictors of 28-day mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
KW - Active smoking
KW - COVID-19
KW - D-dimers
KW - Intensive care unit mortality
KW - Lactate
KW - Pulmonary embolism
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U2 - 10.2991/JEGH.K.200928.001
DO - 10.2991/JEGH.K.200928.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 33095982
AN - SCOPUS:85104047226
SN - 2210-6006
VL - 11
SP - 98
EP - 108
JO - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
JF - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
IS - 1
ER -