@inproceedings{2480b588a2404945b23b2c0b5bf2c87e,
title = "Classification of Schizophrenia Patients and Healthy Controls Using ICA of Complex-Valued fMRI Data and Convolutional Neural Networks",
abstract = "Deep learning has contributed greatly to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis, however, spatial maps derived from fMRI data by independent component analysis (ICA), as promising biomarkers, have rarely been directly used to perform individualized diagnosis. As such, this study proposes a novel framework combining ICA and convolutional neural network (CNN) for classifying schizophrenia patients (SZs) and healthy controls (HCs). ICA is first used to obtain components of interest which have been previously implicated in schizophrenia. Functionally informative slices of these components are then selected and labelled. CNN is finally employed to learn hierarchical diagnostic features from the slices and classify SZs and HCs. We use complex-valued fMRI data instead of magnitude fMRI data, in order to obtain more contiguous spatial activations. Spatial maps estimated by ICA with multiple model orders are employed for data argumentation to enhance the training process. Evaluations are performed using 82 resting-state complex-valued fMRI datasets including 42 SZs and 40 HCs. The proposed method shows an average accuracy of 72.65% in the default mode network and 78.34% in the auditory cortex for slice-level classification. When performing subject-level classification based on majority voting, the result shows 91.32% and 98.75% average accuracy, highlighting the potential of the proposed method for diagnosis of schizophrenia and other neurological diseases.",
keywords = "Data argumentation, Deep learning, ICA, Model order, Schizophrenia, fMRI",
author = "Yue Qiu and Lin, {Qiu Hua} and Kuang, {Li Dan} and Zhao, {Wen Da} and Gong, {Xiao Feng} and Fengyu Cong and Calhoun, {Vince D.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.; 16th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2019 ; Conference date: 10-07-2019 Through 12-07-2019",
year = "2019",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-22808-8_53",
language = "English (US)",
isbn = "9783030228071",
series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
pages = "540--547",
editor = "Huchuan Lu and Huajin Tang and Zhanshan Wang",
booktitle = "Advances in Neural Networks – ISNN 2019 - 16th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2019, Proceedings",
}