TY - JOUR
T1 - Circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of five cancers
T2 - a Mendelian randomization analysis
AU - The PRACTICAL Consortium
AU - Bouras, Emmanouil
AU - Karhunen, Ville
AU - Gill, Dipender
AU - Huang, Jian
AU - Haycock, Philip C.
AU - Gunter, Marc J.
AU - Johansson, Mattias
AU - Brennan, Paul
AU - Key, Tim
AU - Lewis, Sarah J.
AU - Martin, Richard M.
AU - Murphy, Neil
AU - Platz, Elizabeth A.
AU - Travis, Ruth
AU - Yarmolinsky, James
AU - Zuber, Verena
AU - Martin, Paul
AU - Katsoulis, Michail
AU - Freisling, Heinz
AU - Nøst, Therese Haugdahl
AU - Schulze, Matthias B.
AU - Dossus, Laure
AU - Hung, Rayjean J.
AU - Amos, Christopher I.
AU - Ahola-Olli, Ari
AU - Palaniswamy, Saranya
AU - Männikkö, Minna
AU - Auvinen, Juha
AU - Herzig, Karl Heinz
AU - Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka
AU - Lehtimäki, Terho
AU - Salomaa, Veikko
AU - Raitakari, Olli
AU - Salmi, Marko
AU - Jalkanen, Sirpa
AU - CRUK,
AU - CAPS,
AU - PEGASUS,
AU - Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta
AU - Dehghan, Abbas
AU - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background: Epidemiological and experimental evidence has linked chronic inflammation to cancer aetiology. It is unclear whether associations for specific inflammatory biomarkers are causal or due to bias. In order to examine whether altered genetically predicted concentration of circulating cytokines are associated with cancer development, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. Methods: Up to 31,112 individuals of European descent were included in genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of 47 circulating cytokines. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated with the cytokines, located in or close to their coding gene (cis), were used as instrumental variables. Inverse-variance weighted MR was used as the primary analysis, and the MR assumptions were evaluated in sensitivity and colocalization analyses and a false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons was applied. Corresponding germline GWAS summary data for five cancer outcomes (breast, endometrial, lung, ovarian, and prostate), and their subtypes were selected from the largest cancer-specific GWASs available (cases ranging from 12,906 for endometrial to 133,384 for breast cancer). Results: There was evidence of inverse associations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor with breast cancer (OR per SD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.94), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist with endometrial cancer (0.86, 0.80 to 0.93), interleukin-18 with lung cancer (0.87, 0.81 to 0.93), and beta-chemokine-RANTES with ovarian cancer (0.70, 0.57 to 0.85) and positive associations of monokine induced by gamma interferon with endometrial cancer (3.73, 1.86 to 7.47) and cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine with lung cancer (1.51, 1.22 to 1.87). These associations were similar in sensitivity analyses and supported in colocalization analyses. Conclusions: Our study adds to current knowledge on the role of specific inflammatory biomarker pathways in cancer aetiology. Further validation is needed to assess the potential of these cytokines as pharmacological or lifestyle targets for cancer prevention.
AB - Background: Epidemiological and experimental evidence has linked chronic inflammation to cancer aetiology. It is unclear whether associations for specific inflammatory biomarkers are causal or due to bias. In order to examine whether altered genetically predicted concentration of circulating cytokines are associated with cancer development, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. Methods: Up to 31,112 individuals of European descent were included in genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of 47 circulating cytokines. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated with the cytokines, located in or close to their coding gene (cis), were used as instrumental variables. Inverse-variance weighted MR was used as the primary analysis, and the MR assumptions were evaluated in sensitivity and colocalization analyses and a false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons was applied. Corresponding germline GWAS summary data for five cancer outcomes (breast, endometrial, lung, ovarian, and prostate), and their subtypes were selected from the largest cancer-specific GWASs available (cases ranging from 12,906 for endometrial to 133,384 for breast cancer). Results: There was evidence of inverse associations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor with breast cancer (OR per SD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.94), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist with endometrial cancer (0.86, 0.80 to 0.93), interleukin-18 with lung cancer (0.87, 0.81 to 0.93), and beta-chemokine-RANTES with ovarian cancer (0.70, 0.57 to 0.85) and positive associations of monokine induced by gamma interferon with endometrial cancer (3.73, 1.86 to 7.47) and cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine with lung cancer (1.51, 1.22 to 1.87). These associations were similar in sensitivity analyses and supported in colocalization analyses. Conclusions: Our study adds to current knowledge on the role of specific inflammatory biomarker pathways in cancer aetiology. Further validation is needed to assess the potential of these cytokines as pharmacological or lifestyle targets for cancer prevention.
KW - Cancer
KW - Cytokines
KW - Inflammation
KW - Mendelian randomisation
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U2 - 10.1186/s12916-021-02193-0
DO - 10.1186/s12916-021-02193-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 35012533
AN - SCOPUS:85122783369
SN - 1741-7015
VL - 20
JO - BMC medicine
JF - BMC medicine
IS - 1
M1 - 3
ER -