TY - JOUR
T1 - Cigarette smoking and nocturnal sleep architecture
AU - Zhang, Lin
AU - Samet, Jonathan
AU - Caffo, Brian
AU - Punjabi, Naresh M.
N1 - Funding Information:
(Boston University), U01HL63463 (Case Western Reserve University), U01HL53937 (Johns Hopkins University), U01HL53938 (University of Arizona), U01HL53916 (University of California, Davis), U01HL53934 (University of Minnesota), U01HL63429 (Missouri Breaks Research), and U01HL53931 (New York University). Dr. Punjabi has also received support from National Institutes of Health grants HL7578 and AG025553.
Funding Information:
Supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute through the following cooperative agreements: UO1HL53940 (University of Washington), U01HL53941
PY - 2006/9
Y1 - 2006/9
N2 - Cigarette smoking has been associated with a high prevalence of sleep-related complaints. However, its effects on sleep architecture have not been fully examined. The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on sleep architecture. Polysomnography was used to characterize sleep architecture among 6,400 participants of the Sleep Heart Health Study (United States, 1994-1999). Sleep parameters included total sleep time, latency to sleep onset, sleep efficiency, and percentage of time in each sleep stage. The study sample consisted of 2,916 never smokers, 2,705 former smokers, and 779 current smokers. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a longer initial sleep latency (5.4 minutes, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.9, 7.9) and less total sleep time (14.0 minutes, 95% CI: 6.4, 21.7). Furthermore, relative to never smokers, current smokers also had more stage 1 sleep (relative proportion = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.33) and less slow wave sleep (relative proportion = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.95). Finally, no differences in sleep architecture were noted between former and never smokers. The results of this study show that cigarette smoking is independently associated with disturbances in sleep architecture, including a longer latency to sleep onset and a shift toward lighter stages of sleep. Nicotine in cigarette smoke and acute withdrawal from it may contribute to disturbances in sleep architecture.
AB - Cigarette smoking has been associated with a high prevalence of sleep-related complaints. However, its effects on sleep architecture have not been fully examined. The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on sleep architecture. Polysomnography was used to characterize sleep architecture among 6,400 participants of the Sleep Heart Health Study (United States, 1994-1999). Sleep parameters included total sleep time, latency to sleep onset, sleep efficiency, and percentage of time in each sleep stage. The study sample consisted of 2,916 never smokers, 2,705 former smokers, and 779 current smokers. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a longer initial sleep latency (5.4 minutes, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.9, 7.9) and less total sleep time (14.0 minutes, 95% CI: 6.4, 21.7). Furthermore, relative to never smokers, current smokers also had more stage 1 sleep (relative proportion = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.33) and less slow wave sleep (relative proportion = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.95). Finally, no differences in sleep architecture were noted between former and never smokers. The results of this study show that cigarette smoking is independently associated with disturbances in sleep architecture, including a longer latency to sleep onset and a shift toward lighter stages of sleep. Nicotine in cigarette smoke and acute withdrawal from it may contribute to disturbances in sleep architecture.
KW - Nicotine
KW - Polysomnography
KW - Sleep
KW - Sleep stages
KW - Smoking
KW - Tobacco
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U2 - 10.1093/aje/kwj231
DO - 10.1093/aje/kwj231
M3 - Article
C2 - 16829553
AN - SCOPUS:33748804190
SN - 0002-9262
VL - 164
SP - 529
EP - 537
JO - American journal of epidemiology
JF - American journal of epidemiology
IS - 6
ER -