Chronic opioid use following lumbar discectomy: Prevalence, risk factors, and current trends in the United States

Andrew B. Harris, Bo Zhang, Majd Marrache, Varun Puvanesarajah, Micheal Raad, Hamid Hassanzadeh, Mark Bicket, Amit Jain

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Objective: Lumbar discectomy is commonly performed for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation. We aimed to examine prescribing patterns and risk factors for chronic opioid use following lumbar discectomy. Methods: Using a private insurance claims database, patients were identified who underwent primary lumbar discectomy from 2010–2015 and had 1-year of continuous enrollment postoperatively. Patients were excluded with spinal fusion. The strength of opioid prescriptions was quantified using morphine milligram equivalents daily (MMED). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were built to examine risk factors associated with chronic postoperative opioid use. Results: A total of 5, 315 patients were included in the study (mean age, 59 years; 50% female). 1, 198 of patients (23%) used chronic opioids postoperatively. Chronic opioid use declined significantly from 27% in 2010 to 17% in 2015, p < 0. 001. In addition, there were significantly fewer patients receiving high and very high-dose opioid prescriptions from 2010–2015, p < 0. 001. The median duration that patients used opioids postoperatively was 211 days in 2010 (interquartile range [IQR], 29–356 days), and decreased significantly to 44 days (IQR, 10–294 days) in 2015. The strongest factors associated with chronic opioid use were preoperative opioid use (odds ratio [OR], 4. 0), drug abuse (OR, 2. 6), depression (OR, 1. 6), surgery in the west (OR, 1. 6) or south (OR, 1. 6), anxiety (OR, 1. 5), or 30-day readmission (OR, 1. 4). Conclusion: Chronic opioid use following primary lumbar discectomy has declined from 2010–2015. A variety of factors are associated with chronic opioid use. Preoperative recognition of some of these risk factors may aid in perioperative management and counseling.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)879-887
Number of pages9
JournalNeurospine
Volume17
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2020

Keywords

  • Diskectomy
  • Lumbar vertebrae
  • Opioid analgesics
  • Prevalence
  • Risk factor

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Surgery
  • Clinical Neurology

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Chronic opioid use following lumbar discectomy: Prevalence, risk factors, and current trends in the United States'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this