@article{cf4397ffe57d4e30b9cd99c4e3281f17,
title = "Children's Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale in autism spectrum disorder: Component structure and correlates of symptom checklist",
abstract = "Objective: Repetitive behaviors in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) range from motor stereotypy to immersion in restricted interests. The modified Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale for children with autism spectrum disorder (CYBOCS-ASD) includes a Symptom Checklist (behavior present or absent) and 5 severity scales (Time Spent, Interference, Distress, Resistance and Control). Method: We assembled CYBOCS-ASD data from 3 Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Autism Network trials to explore the component structure of repetitive behaviors in children with ASD. Raters trained to reliability conducted the CYBOCS-ASD in 272 medication-free subjects. Fifteen Symptom Checklist items were endorsed for less than 5% of the sample and were dropped. Principal component analysis was used to explore the clustering of 23 checklist items. Component scores computed for each subject were correlated with other measures. We also examined the distribution of severity scales. Results: The subjects (229 boys and 43 girls; mean age = 7.8 ± 2.6 years) met criteria for an ASD; half were intellectually disabled. The PCA resulted in a 5-component solution to classify repetitive behaviors (34.4% of the variance): hoarding and ritualistic behavior; sensory and arranging behavior; sameness and self-injurious behavior; stereotypy; restricted interests. Sensory and arranging and stereotypy components were associated with lower adaptive functioning (Pearson r = 0.2-0.3; p <.003). The resistance scale showed little variation, with more than 60% of the sample with the highest score. Conclusions: Rarely endorsed items can be dropped from the Checklist. The resistance item does not appear to be relevant for children with ASD.",
keywords = "autism spectrum disorder, clinical trials, outcome measures, repetitive behavior",
author = "Lawrence Scahill and Anastasia Dimitropoulos and McDougle, {Christopher J.} and Aman, {Michael G.} and Feurer, {Irene D.} and McCracken, {James T.} and Elaine Tierney and Jie Pu and Susan White and Luc Lecavalier and Victoria Hallett and Karen Bearss and Bryan King and Arnold, {L. Eugene} and Benedetto Vitiello",
note = "Funding Information: This work was funded by NIMH by the following Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology (RUPP) grants: Yale, U10MH66764; Indiana University, U10MH66766; and Ohio State University, U10MH66768. This publication was also supported by the Yale CTSA, UL1 RR024139, IU CTSA UL1 RR025761, OSU CTSA UL1 RR025755 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR). Funding Information: Disclosure: Dr. Scahill has served as a consultant to Bracket, BioMarin, and Coronado; has received research support from Shire, Roche, and Pfizer, and has served on the speakers' bureau of the Tourette Syndrom Association. Dr. Aman has received research contracts, consulted with, or served on advisory boards of Biomarin Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Confluence Pharmaceutica, Coronado Bioscience, Forest Research, Hoffman LaRoche, Johnson and Johnson, Novartis, Pfizer, and Supernus Pharmaceutica. Dr. McCracken has served as a consultant to Roche, Novartis, BioMarin, and PharmaNet; and has received research support from Seaside Therapeutics, Roche, and Otsuka. Dr. Tierney has served as a consultant to BioMarin. Dr. King has served as a consultant to and has received research support from Seaside Therapeutics and Roche. Dr. Arnold has served on the advisory boards of Biomarin, Novartis, Noven, Roche, and Seaside Therapeutics; has received research funding from CureMark, Forest, Eli Lilly and Co., and Shire; has received travel support from Noven; and has served as a consultant to Tris Pharma. Drs. Dimitropoulos, McDougle, Feurer, Pu, White, Lecavalier, Hallett, Bearss, and Vitiello report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. ",
year = "2014",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/j.jaac.2013.09.018",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "53",
pages = "97--107.e1",
journal = "Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
issn = "0890-8567",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
number = "1",
}