TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of Serum Antibody Responses to Recombinant HIV-1 gp160 Vaccine by Enzyme Immunoassay
AU - Viscidi, Raphael
AU - Clayman, Barbara
AU - Midthun, Karen
AU - Clements, Mary Lou
AU - Ellerbeck, Edward
AU - Garrison, Leslie
AU - Fernie, Bruce
AU - Smith, Gale
PY - 1990/11
Y1 - 1990/11
N2 - An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed to measure serum antibody responses of healthy adult volunteers vaccinated with 40 or 80 μg of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinant gp160 (rgp160) vaccine at 0, 1, 6, and 18 months. This assay, which used purified rgp160 as antigen, was compared with the Biotech/Du Pont HIV-1 Western blot and the Abbott HIV-1 EIA. Of 33 volunteers who received three doses of rgp160 vaccine, seroresponses were detected in 91% by rgp160 EIA, 97% by Western blot, and 30% by HIV-1 EIA. The level of IgG rgp160 EIA antibody (mainly IgG1) peaked after the third immunization; 64% of 33 vaccinees still had detectable antibody by 12 months. The fourth immunization induced anamnestic IgG EIA antibody in 23 of 24 vaccinees, with titers ranging from 1:200 to 1:25,600. Neutralizing antibody was not detected in postvaccination sera by microtiter syncytium formation inhibition assay. Additional testing of sera by EIA indicated that the immune response to the vaccine was directed toward epitopes on both gp120 and gp41. Seroresponses to the immunodominant epitopes on gp41 were infrequent and none were detected to the neutralization epitope in the V3 region of gp120. This highly sensitive EIA is useful for characterizing HIV-1-specific antibody responses induced by an HIV-1 gp160 subunit vaccine.
AB - An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed to measure serum antibody responses of healthy adult volunteers vaccinated with 40 or 80 μg of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinant gp160 (rgp160) vaccine at 0, 1, 6, and 18 months. This assay, which used purified rgp160 as antigen, was compared with the Biotech/Du Pont HIV-1 Western blot and the Abbott HIV-1 EIA. Of 33 volunteers who received three doses of rgp160 vaccine, seroresponses were detected in 91% by rgp160 EIA, 97% by Western blot, and 30% by HIV-1 EIA. The level of IgG rgp160 EIA antibody (mainly IgG1) peaked after the third immunization; 64% of 33 vaccinees still had detectable antibody by 12 months. The fourth immunization induced anamnestic IgG EIA antibody in 23 of 24 vaccinees, with titers ranging from 1:200 to 1:25,600. Neutralizing antibody was not detected in postvaccination sera by microtiter syncytium formation inhibition assay. Additional testing of sera by EIA indicated that the immune response to the vaccine was directed toward epitopes on both gp120 and gp41. Seroresponses to the immunodominant epitopes on gp41 were infrequent and none were detected to the neutralization epitope in the V3 region of gp120. This highly sensitive EIA is useful for characterizing HIV-1-specific antibody responses induced by an HIV-1 gp160 subunit vaccine.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025258468&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0025258468&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/aid.1990.6.1251
DO - 10.1089/aid.1990.6.1251
M3 - Article
C2 - 1706607
AN - SCOPUS:0025258468
VL - 6
SP - 1251
EP - 1256
JO - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
JF - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
SN - 0889-2229
IS - 11
ER -