TY - JOUR
T1 - Chapter 23 Transplantation of brain tissue from murine trisomy 16 into euploid hosts
T2 - Effects of gene imbalance on brain development
AU - Höhmann, Christine F.
AU - Capone, George
AU - Oster-Granite, Mary Lou
AU - Coyle, Joseph T.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Eric Bachman for his dedicated help with all aspects of the study and manuscript and Alice Trawinski for editorial assistance. The current project was supported in part by NIH Grant PO1 HD 19920. George Capone is a Fellow in the Pediatric Scientist Training Program and is supported by a grant from the March of Dimes.
PY - 1990/1/1
Y1 - 1990/1/1
N2 - This chapter describes preliminary results from studies involving the transplantation of cortex from trisomy 16 (Ts16) and euploid littermates at days 15/16 of gestation (E15/16) into neonatal euploid hosts. Aside from the histological analysis of Nissl stained sections, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expressing fibers is visualized as a presynaptic marker for developing cholinergic innervations from the basal forebrain. In addition, immunocytochemical and/ or in situ hybridization methods have been used to visualize the expression and gene product of growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) and preprosomatostatin (ppSmst). GAP43, also known as F1, PP46, and B50, is expressed in association with axon growth during development, regeneration, and plasticity; and therefore, it may play an important role in postmitotic neuronal differentiation. Somatostatin (Smst), on the other hand, shows a transient peak of expression during the second and third weeks after birth, the period of cortical cell differentiation and synapse formation. Furthermore, Smst expression appears to be regulated, in part, by cholinergic innervations. Many of the cells expressing Smst during cortical development are probably members of a class of early subplate neurons of the Cajal–Retzius type. These neurons presumably play a transient role in cortical morphogenesis and appear to die as development proceeds. Quantifications of the mitochondrial RNA (mRNA) for both GAP43 and ppSmst indicate that they are over-expressed in Ts16 fetal brains, in levels consistent with a simple gene dosage effects. The chapter discusses the role of the host brain in correcting the overexpression of these 2 genes in the cortical grafts.
AB - This chapter describes preliminary results from studies involving the transplantation of cortex from trisomy 16 (Ts16) and euploid littermates at days 15/16 of gestation (E15/16) into neonatal euploid hosts. Aside from the histological analysis of Nissl stained sections, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expressing fibers is visualized as a presynaptic marker for developing cholinergic innervations from the basal forebrain. In addition, immunocytochemical and/ or in situ hybridization methods have been used to visualize the expression and gene product of growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) and preprosomatostatin (ppSmst). GAP43, also known as F1, PP46, and B50, is expressed in association with axon growth during development, regeneration, and plasticity; and therefore, it may play an important role in postmitotic neuronal differentiation. Somatostatin (Smst), on the other hand, shows a transient peak of expression during the second and third weeks after birth, the period of cortical cell differentiation and synapse formation. Furthermore, Smst expression appears to be regulated, in part, by cholinergic innervations. Many of the cells expressing Smst during cortical development are probably members of a class of early subplate neurons of the Cajal–Retzius type. These neurons presumably play a transient role in cortical morphogenesis and appear to die as development proceeds. Quantifications of the mitochondrial RNA (mRNA) for both GAP43 and ppSmst indicate that they are over-expressed in Ts16 fetal brains, in levels consistent with a simple gene dosage effects. The chapter discusses the role of the host brain in correcting the overexpression of these 2 genes in the cortical grafts.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)62606-0
DO - 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)62606-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 2149768
AN - SCOPUS:0025108163
SN - 0079-6123
VL - 82
SP - 203
EP - 214
JO - Progress in brain research
JF - Progress in brain research
IS - C
ER -