@article{9acd925a06664d169aeedb8aedf27932,
title = "Changes in Body Composition Before and After Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis",
abstract = "Background: Weight loss is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about when it starts, how PD changes as it progresses, and whether there is a differential loss of lean or fat mass. The objective of this study was to examine how body composition changes before and after PD diagnosis. Methods: In the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study (n = 3075; age range, 70–79 years), body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry on an annual or biennial basis from year 1 to year 10. For each PD case each year, we calculated the difference between their actual body composition measures and expected values had they not developed PD. Using linear mixed models with crossed random effects, we further examined the trend of change in body composition measures before and after PD diagnosis. Results: A total of 80 PD cases were identified in this cohort. Compared with their expected values, PD cases began to lose total and fat mass about 6–7 years before diagnosis, although the differences were not statistically significant until 3–5 years after diagnosis. The loss was substantial and persistent, with statistically significant trends of loss for total body mass (P = 0.008), fat mass (P = 0.001), and percentage fat (P < 0.001). In comparison, lean mass was stable throughout the follow-up (P = 0.16). Overall, 96% of the body mass loss in PD cases was from the loss of fat mass. Conclusions: In this longitudinal analysis with objective measures of body composition, we found persistent weight loss in PD cases, predominantly in fat mass, starting a few years before diagnosis.",
keywords = "Parkinson's disease, body composition, fat mass, lean mass, weight loss",
author = "Shengfang Song and Zhehui Luo and Chenxi Li and Xuemei Huang and Shiroma, {Eric J.} and Simonsick, {Eleanor M.} and Honglei Chen",
note = "Funding Information: Supported by a Start‐up Fund from the Michigan State University (GE100455) and the College of Human Medicine Kirk Gibson Parkinson's Research Fund. Funding agencies: Funding Information: The Health ABC study was supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), the Intramural Research Program of the NIA/NIH and NIA contracts N01AG62101, N01AG62103, N01AG62106, NIA grant R01AG028050, and NINR grant R01NR012459. This analysis was supported by a startup fund from the Michigan State University (GE100455) and the MSU CHM Kirk Gibson Parkinson's Research Fund. Funding Information: Dr. Chen is supported by a startup fund from Michigan State University (GE100455), the “MSU CHM Kirk Gibson Parkinson's Research Fund, the Parkinson's Foundation (grant PF‐IMP‐1825), the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs through the Parkinson's Research Program (award W81XWH‐17‐1‐0536), and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES029227). Dr. Huang has received research funding from the National Institutes of Health (R01 ES019672, U01 NS082151, U01 NS112008), the Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, Alzheimer's Association, Alzheimer's Research UK, and the Weston Brain Institute, Bristol Myers Squibb/Biogen, Pfizer, and the Department of Defense. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the Department of Defense or the National Institutes of Health. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.",
year = "2021",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1002/mds.28536",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "36",
pages = "1617--1623",
journal = "Movement Disorders",
issn = "0885-3185",
publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",
number = "7",
}