TY - CHAP
T1 - Cell signaling and neuronal death
AU - Hara, Makoto R.
AU - Snyder, Solomon H.
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - The past few decades have revealed that cell death can be precisely programmed with two principal forms, apoptosis and necrosis. Besides pathophysiological alterations, physiologic processes, such as the pruning of neurons during normal development and the involution of the thymus, involve apoptosis. This review focuses on the role of inter- and intracellular signaling systems in cell death, especially in the nervous system. Among neurotransmitters, glutamate and nitric oxide have been most extensively characterized and contribute to cell death in excitotoxic damage, especially in stroke and possibly in neurodegenerative diseases. Within cells, calcium, the most prominent of all intracellular messengers, mediates diverse forms of cell death with actions modulated by many proteins, including IP3 receptors, calcineurin, calpain, and cytochrome c.
AB - The past few decades have revealed that cell death can be precisely programmed with two principal forms, apoptosis and necrosis. Besides pathophysiological alterations, physiologic processes, such as the pruning of neurons during normal development and the involution of the thymus, involve apoptosis. This review focuses on the role of inter- and intracellular signaling systems in cell death, especially in the nervous system. Among neurotransmitters, glutamate and nitric oxide have been most extensively characterized and contribute to cell death in excitotoxic damage, especially in stroke and possibly in neurodegenerative diseases. Within cells, calcium, the most prominent of all intracellular messengers, mediates diverse forms of cell death with actions modulated by many proteins, including IP3 receptors, calcineurin, calpain, and cytochrome c.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Calcium
KW - Glutamate
KW - Nitric oxide
KW - S-nitrosylation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33847073301&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33847073301&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.47.120505.105311
DO - 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.47.120505.105311
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 16879082
AN - SCOPUS:33847073301
SN - 0824304470
SN - 9780824304478
T3 - Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
SP - 117
EP - 141
BT - Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
A2 - Cho, Arthur
ER -