TY - JOUR
T1 - Category and letter fluency in highly educated older adults
AU - Bolla, Karen I.
AU - Gray, Sarah
AU - Resnick, Susan M.
AU - Galante, Regina
AU - Kawas, Claudia
N1 - Funding Information:
* This research was supported by NIA grants AGO8325 and AGO5146 from the National Institutes on Aging. The authors gratefully acknowledge the BLSA participants and scientists who made this work possible. Address correspondence to: Karen I. Bolla, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. Accepted for publication: February 7, 1998.
PY - 1998
Y1 - 1998
N2 - Performance on letter and category fluency was studied in a group of 478 healthy, highly intelligent and educated, older adults (aged 55 to 94 years). The aim of the study was to determine and contrast the effects of age, sex, and intelligence (estimated by the NAART) on letter (FAS) and category (fruits, animal, vegetables) verbal fluency performance. Significant effects were found for age and NAART error score on all fluency scores. However, these effects were small in magnitude. The NAART was found to be a better predictor of verbal fluency scores than education. The relative sensitivity of letter and category fluency to age was not significantly different. Sex was related to performance for the categories of fruits and vegetables, with women outperforming men. Separate mean values for fluency measures are provided for different ages, NAART error scores, educational level, and sex.
AB - Performance on letter and category fluency was studied in a group of 478 healthy, highly intelligent and educated, older adults (aged 55 to 94 years). The aim of the study was to determine and contrast the effects of age, sex, and intelligence (estimated by the NAART) on letter (FAS) and category (fruits, animal, vegetables) verbal fluency performance. Significant effects were found for age and NAART error score on all fluency scores. However, these effects were small in magnitude. The NAART was found to be a better predictor of verbal fluency scores than education. The relative sensitivity of letter and category fluency to age was not significantly different. Sex was related to performance for the categories of fruits and vegetables, with women outperforming men. Separate mean values for fluency measures are provided for different ages, NAART error scores, educational level, and sex.
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U2 - 10.1076/clin.12.3.330.1986
DO - 10.1076/clin.12.3.330.1986
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0032405819
SN - 1385-4046
VL - 12
SP - 330
EP - 338
JO - Clinical Neuropsychologist
JF - Clinical Neuropsychologist
IS - 3
ER -