TY - JOUR
T1 - Bupropion hydrochloride in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity
AU - Conners, C. Keith
AU - Casat, Charles D.
AU - Gualtieri, C. Thomas
AU - Weller, Elizabeth
AU - Reader, Mark
AU - Reiss, Allan
AU - Weller, Ronald A.
AU - Khayrallah, Moise
AU - Ascher, John
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Conners is Professor ofMedical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center,Durham, NC Dr. CasatisDirectorofResearch, CenterforMental Health, Charlotte, NC Dr. Gualtieri is in private practice in Chapel Hill, NC Dr. E. Weller is Professor and Director of Training, Division of Child andAdolescentPsychiatry, and Dr. R.A. Weller is Professor ofPsychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus. Dr. Reader is in private practice in Baltimore. Dr. Reissis Director, Department ofBehavioral Neurogeneticsand Neuroimaging, Kennedy-Krieger Institute, Baltimore. Drs. Khayrallah and Ascher are Senior Research Scientists, Division of Clinical Research, Glaxo-Wellcome, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC Work on this project was partially supported by CareerScienceAward K05 MH01229-03 from the NIMH to Dr. Conners. The authors thank Dr. John Messenheimer at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, for his assistance in interpreting EEG data.
PY - 1996/10
Y1 - 1996/10
N2 - Objective: This is a multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the safety and efficacy of bupropion in the treatment of children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH). Method: In a four-center, double-blind comparison of bupropion (n = 72) and placebo (n = 37), children aged 6 to 12 years meeting DSM-III criteria for ADDH were randomized to receive bupropion 3 to 6 mg/kg per day or placebo, administered twice daily, at 7 A.M. and 7 P.M. Measures of efficacy included the Conners Parent and Teacher Questionnaires (93-item, 39-item, and 10-item), Clinical Global Impressions Scales of Severity and Improvement, the Sternberg Short- Term Memory Task, and the Continuous Performance Test Screen and posttreatment physical examinations, electrocardiograms, electroencephalograms, and clinical laboratory evaluations were performed. Height, weight, and vital signs were measured and adverse experiences were assessed weekly. Results: A significant treatment effect, apparent as early as day 3, was present for both conduct problems and hyperactivity on the Conners 10-item and 30-item teacher's checklist, and at day 28 for conduct problems and restless-impulsive behavior on the 93-item parent questionnaire. Findings were of smaller magnitude for parent ratings than teacher ratings. Significant treatment effects were present on both the Continuous Performance Test and memory retrieval test. Effect sizes of bupropion/placebo differences for teacher and parent ratings in this study were somewhat smaller than for standard stimulant drugs used to treat ADDH. Bupropion appeared to be well tolerated in most children. Dermatological reactions were twice as frequent in the drug group as the placebo group, with four reactions involving rash and urticaria that were serious enough to require discontinuation of medication. Conclusions: Bupropion may be a useful addition to available treatments for ADDH. Comparative trials with such standard drugs as methylphenidate are warranted to determine the relative clinical merits of bupropion.
AB - Objective: This is a multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the safety and efficacy of bupropion in the treatment of children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH). Method: In a four-center, double-blind comparison of bupropion (n = 72) and placebo (n = 37), children aged 6 to 12 years meeting DSM-III criteria for ADDH were randomized to receive bupropion 3 to 6 mg/kg per day or placebo, administered twice daily, at 7 A.M. and 7 P.M. Measures of efficacy included the Conners Parent and Teacher Questionnaires (93-item, 39-item, and 10-item), Clinical Global Impressions Scales of Severity and Improvement, the Sternberg Short- Term Memory Task, and the Continuous Performance Test Screen and posttreatment physical examinations, electrocardiograms, electroencephalograms, and clinical laboratory evaluations were performed. Height, weight, and vital signs were measured and adverse experiences were assessed weekly. Results: A significant treatment effect, apparent as early as day 3, was present for both conduct problems and hyperactivity on the Conners 10-item and 30-item teacher's checklist, and at day 28 for conduct problems and restless-impulsive behavior on the 93-item parent questionnaire. Findings were of smaller magnitude for parent ratings than teacher ratings. Significant treatment effects were present on both the Continuous Performance Test and memory retrieval test. Effect sizes of bupropion/placebo differences for teacher and parent ratings in this study were somewhat smaller than for standard stimulant drugs used to treat ADDH. Bupropion appeared to be well tolerated in most children. Dermatological reactions were twice as frequent in the drug group as the placebo group, with four reactions involving rash and urticaria that were serious enough to require discontinuation of medication. Conclusions: Bupropion may be a useful addition to available treatments for ADDH. Comparative trials with such standard drugs as methylphenidate are warranted to determine the relative clinical merits of bupropion.
KW - attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity
KW - attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder
KW - bupropion
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U2 - 10.1097/00004583-199610000-00018
DO - 10.1097/00004583-199610000-00018
M3 - Article
C2 - 8885585
AN - SCOPUS:0029819433
VL - 35
SP - 1314
EP - 1321
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry
SN - 0890-8567
IS - 10
ER -