Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex

Michael Ludwig; Bonnie Ching; Heiko Reutter; Simeon A. Boyadjiev

doi:10.1002/bdra.20557

Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex

Michael Ludwig, Bonnie Ching, Heiko Reutter, Simeon A. Boyadjiev

School of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

The bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) represents an anterior midline defect with variable expression comprising a spectrum of anomalies involving the abdominal wall, pelvis, urinary tract, genitalia, and occasionally the spine and anus. The vast majority of BEEC cases are classified as non-syndromic and the etiology of this malformation is still unknown. This review presents the current state of knowledge on this multifactorial disorder, including historical retrospect, phenotypic and anatomical characterization, epidemiology, proposed developmental mechanisms, existing animal models, and implicated genetic and environmental components. These published lines of evidence argue strongly that BEEC occurs as a result of strong genetic predisposition that is yet to be deciphered.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	509-522
Number of pages	14
Journal	Birth Defects Research Part A - Clinical and Molecular Teratology
Volume	85
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.20557
State	Published - Jun 2009

Keywords

Animal model
Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex
Genetics
Multifactorial
OEIS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Developmental Biology
Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Embryology

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10.1002/bdra.20557

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Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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