TY - JOUR
T1 - Bioavailability of sulforaphane following ingestion of glucoraphanin-rich broccoli sprout and seed extracts with active myrosinase
T2 - A pilot study of the effects of proton pump inhibitor administration
AU - Fahey, Jed W.
AU - Wade, Kristina L.
AU - Stephenson, Katherine K.
AU - Panjwani, Anita A.
AU - Liu, Hua
AU - Cornblatt, Grace
AU - Cornblatt, Brian S.
AU - Ownby, Stacy L.
AU - Fuchs, Edward
AU - Holtzclaw, Walter David
AU - Cheskin, Lawrence J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: Unrestricted philanthropic donations made by the Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Foundation, and by Nutramax Laboratories Consumer Care, Inc., were used to fund this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2019/7
Y1 - 2019/7
N2 - We examined whether gastric acidity would affect the activity of myrosinase, co-delivered with glucoraphanin (GR), to convert GR to sulforaphane (SF). A broccoli seed and sprout extract (BSE) rich in GR and active myrosinase was delivered before and after participants began taking the anti-acid omeprazole, a potent proton pump inhibitor. Gastric acidity appears to attenuate GR bioavailability, as evidenced by more SF and its metabolites being excreted after participants started taking omeprazole. Enteric coating enhanced conversion of GR to SF, perhaps by sparing myrosinase from the acidity of the stomach. There were negligible effects of age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, vegetable consumption, and bowel movement frequency and quality. Greater body mass correlated with reduced conversion efficiency. Changes in the expression of 20 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were evaluated as possible pharmacodynamic indicators. When grouped by their primary functions based on a priori knowledge, expression of genes associated with inflammation decreased non-significantly, and those genes associated with cytoprotection, detoxification and antioxidant functions increased significantly with bioavailability. Using principal components analysis, component loadings of the changes in gene expression confirmed these groupings in a sensitivity analysis.
AB - We examined whether gastric acidity would affect the activity of myrosinase, co-delivered with glucoraphanin (GR), to convert GR to sulforaphane (SF). A broccoli seed and sprout extract (BSE) rich in GR and active myrosinase was delivered before and after participants began taking the anti-acid omeprazole, a potent proton pump inhibitor. Gastric acidity appears to attenuate GR bioavailability, as evidenced by more SF and its metabolites being excreted after participants started taking omeprazole. Enteric coating enhanced conversion of GR to SF, perhaps by sparing myrosinase from the acidity of the stomach. There were negligible effects of age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, vegetable consumption, and bowel movement frequency and quality. Greater body mass correlated with reduced conversion efficiency. Changes in the expression of 20 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were evaluated as possible pharmacodynamic indicators. When grouped by their primary functions based on a priori knowledge, expression of genes associated with inflammation decreased non-significantly, and those genes associated with cytoprotection, detoxification and antioxidant functions increased significantly with bioavailability. Using principal components analysis, component loadings of the changes in gene expression confirmed these groupings in a sensitivity analysis.
KW - Chemoprevention
KW - Crucifer
KW - Nutritional supplement
KW - Pharmacodynamics
KW - Pharmacokinetics
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U2 - 10.3390/nu11071489
DO - 10.3390/nu11071489
M3 - Article
C2 - 31261930
AN - SCOPUS:85069267923
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 11
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 7
M1 - 1489
ER -