TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of transposition of the great arteries in infants with maternal exposures to herbicides and rodenticides
AU - Loffredo, Christopher A.
AU - Silbergeld, Ellen K.
AU - Ferencz, Charlotte
AU - Zhang, Jianyi
N1 - Funding Information:
The study was supported by a grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R37 HL25269) and by a MERIT award to Dr. Charlotte Ferencz, principal investigator.
PY - 2001/3/15
Y1 - 2001/3/15
N2 - The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study, a case-control study of congenital heart defects in liveborn infants conducted in 1981-1989, interviewed parents about a wide range of environmental exposures that occurred during and before the pregnancy. In the period 1987-1989, the questionnaire was expanded to include a detailed inquiry about exposures to pesticides. An analysis of these latter data revealed an association of maternal exposure to any pesticides during the first trimester with transposition of the great arteries in their infants (TGA; n = 66 infants), relative to 771 control infants, with an odds ratio of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.2, 3.3). No other heart defects were associated with pesticides. When analyzed by type of pesticide and adjusted for covariates, there were associations of TGA with maternal exposures to herbicides (odds ratio (OR) = 2.8; 95% Cl: 1.3, 7.2) and to rodenticidal chemicals (OR = 4.7; 95% Cl: 1.4, 12.1) but not to insecticides (OR = 1.5; 95% Cl: 0.9, 2.6). No data were collected on specific chemicals or brand names. These results raise new questions about the possible epidemiologic association of TGA with some classes of pesticides and warrant new, carefully targeted investigations.
AB - The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study, a case-control study of congenital heart defects in liveborn infants conducted in 1981-1989, interviewed parents about a wide range of environmental exposures that occurred during and before the pregnancy. In the period 1987-1989, the questionnaire was expanded to include a detailed inquiry about exposures to pesticides. An analysis of these latter data revealed an association of maternal exposure to any pesticides during the first trimester with transposition of the great arteries in their infants (TGA; n = 66 infants), relative to 771 control infants, with an odds ratio of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.2, 3.3). No other heart defects were associated with pesticides. When analyzed by type of pesticide and adjusted for covariates, there were associations of TGA with maternal exposures to herbicides (odds ratio (OR) = 2.8; 95% Cl: 1.3, 7.2) and to rodenticidal chemicals (OR = 4.7; 95% Cl: 1.4, 12.1) but not to insecticides (OR = 1.5; 95% Cl: 0.9, 2.6). No data were collected on specific chemicals or brand names. These results raise new questions about the possible epidemiologic association of TGA with some classes of pesticides and warrant new, carefully targeted investigations.
KW - Heart defects, congenital
KW - Herbicides
KW - Pesticides
KW - Rodenticides
KW - Transposition of great vessels
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U2 - 10.1093/aje/153.6.529
DO - 10.1093/aje/153.6.529
M3 - Article
C2 - 11257060
AN - SCOPUS:0035869595
SN - 0002-9262
VL - 153
SP - 529
EP - 536
JO - American journal of epidemiology
JF - American journal of epidemiology
IS - 6
ER -