TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of spinal muscle composition and prevalence of hyperkyphosis in healthy community-dwelling older men and women
AU - Katzman, Wendy
AU - Cawthon, Peggy
AU - Hicks, Gregory E.
AU - Vittinghoff, Eric
AU - Shepherd, John
AU - Cauley, Jane A.
AU - Harris, Tamara
AU - Simonsick, Eleanor M.
AU - Strotmeyer, Elsa
AU - Womack, Catherine
AU - Kado, Deborah M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by the UCSF-Kaiser Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women’s Health and cofunded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Office of Research on Women’s Health 5 K12 HD052163; National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director’s Bridge Award 2R56AG024246; National Institute on Aging (NIA) Contracts N01-AG-6-2101, N01-AG-6-2103, and N01-AG-6-2106, NIA grant R01-AG028050, and NINR grant R01-NR012459; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIA, and the UCSF Mount Zion Health Fund.
PY - 2012/2
Y1 - 2012/2
N2 - Background. Older adults with hyperkyphosis are at increased risk of falls, fractures, and functional decline. Modifiable risk factors for hyperkyphosis have not been well studied. Our objective was to determine whether spinal muscle area and density are associated with hyperkyphosis, independent of age, race, sex, bone mineral density, and trunk fat. Methods. Using data from the Pittsburgh site of the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study, we performed a baseline cross-sectional analysis. Participants were black and white men and women 70-79 years old (N = 1172), independent in activities of daily living and able to walk mile and up 10 steps without resting. We measured Cobb's angle of kyphosis from supine lateral scout computed tomography scans, and categorized hyperkyphosis as Cobb's angle >40. Axial images from lateral scout computed tomography scans assessed spinal extensor muscle cross-sectional area and density (proxy for fat infiltration). Results. In our sample, 21% had hyperkyphosis. Prevalence in black men was 11%; in white men, 17%; in black women, 26%; and in white women, 30%. In multivariate analysis, each standard deviation increase in muscle density was associated with a 29% reduction in the odds of hyperkyphosis, independent of covariates. Muscle area was not significantly associated with hyperkyphosis. Conclusions. Lower spinal muscle density is associated with hyperkyphosis in healthy community-dwelling older adults. This potentially modifiable risk factor could be targeted in exercise interventions. Randomized trials are needed to determine whether an exercise program targeting spinal muscle density reduces hyperkyphosis and in turn improves health outcomes.
AB - Background. Older adults with hyperkyphosis are at increased risk of falls, fractures, and functional decline. Modifiable risk factors for hyperkyphosis have not been well studied. Our objective was to determine whether spinal muscle area and density are associated with hyperkyphosis, independent of age, race, sex, bone mineral density, and trunk fat. Methods. Using data from the Pittsburgh site of the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study, we performed a baseline cross-sectional analysis. Participants were black and white men and women 70-79 years old (N = 1172), independent in activities of daily living and able to walk mile and up 10 steps without resting. We measured Cobb's angle of kyphosis from supine lateral scout computed tomography scans, and categorized hyperkyphosis as Cobb's angle >40. Axial images from lateral scout computed tomography scans assessed spinal extensor muscle cross-sectional area and density (proxy for fat infiltration). Results. In our sample, 21% had hyperkyphosis. Prevalence in black men was 11%; in white men, 17%; in black women, 26%; and in white women, 30%. In multivariate analysis, each standard deviation increase in muscle density was associated with a 29% reduction in the odds of hyperkyphosis, independent of covariates. Muscle area was not significantly associated with hyperkyphosis. Conclusions. Lower spinal muscle density is associated with hyperkyphosis in healthy community-dwelling older adults. This potentially modifiable risk factor could be targeted in exercise interventions. Randomized trials are needed to determine whether an exercise program targeting spinal muscle density reduces hyperkyphosis and in turn improves health outcomes.
KW - Fat infiltration
KW - Hyperkyphosis
KW - Kyphosis
KW - Prevalence
KW - Spinal muscle
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U2 - 10.1093/gerona/glr160
DO - 10.1093/gerona/glr160
M3 - Article
C2 - 21878482
AN - SCOPUS:84856169194
SN - 1079-5006
VL - 67 A
SP - 191
EP - 195
JO - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
JF - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
IS - 2
ER -