Association of serum calcium with serum sex steroid hormones in men in NHANES III

Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Karl Michaelsson, William G. Nelson, Norma Kanarek, Adrian Dobs, Elizabeth A. Platz, Sabine Rohrmann

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Bone is a positive regulator of male fertility, which indicates a link between regulation of bone remodeling and reproduction or more specifically a link between calcium and androgens. This possibly suggests how calcium is linked to prostate cancer development through its link with the reproductive system. We studied serum calcium and sex steroid hormones in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Methods: Serum calcium and sex steroid hormones were measured for 1262 men in NHANES III. We calculated multivariable-adjusted geometric means of serum concentrations of total and estimated free testosterone and estradiol, androstanediol glucuronide (AAG), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) by categories of calcium (lowest 5% [<1.16mmol/L], mid 90%, top 5% [≥1.30mmol/L]). Results: Levels of total and free testosterone, total estradiol or AAG did not differ across categories of serum calcium. Adjusted SHBG concentrations were 36.4 for the bottom 5%, 34.2 for the mid 90% and 38.9nmol/L for the top 5% of serum calcium (Ptrend=0.006), free estradiol levels were 0.88, 0.92 and 0.80pg/ml (Ptrend=0.048). Conclusions: This link between calcium and sex steroid hormones, in particular the U-shaped pattern with SHBG, may, in part, explain why observational studies have found a link between serum calcium and risk of prostate cancer.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)151-158
Number of pages8
JournalAging Male
Volume16
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2013

Keywords

  • Cross-sectional studies
  • Gonadal steroid hormones
  • Serum calcium

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Geriatrics and Gerontology

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