TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of secondhand smoke exposure with nicotine dependence among Black smokers
AU - Wilson-Frederick, Shondelle M.
AU - Williams, Carla D.
AU - Garza, Mary A.
AU - Navas-Acien, Ana
AU - Emerson, Mark R.
AU - Ahmed, Saifuddin
AU - Ford, Jean G.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by grant #U54CA091409 from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on behalf of the Howard-Hopkins Partnership, and by the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Fund (MD CRF). Neither NCI or the MD CRF had a role in the study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, writing the manuscript, or the decision to submit the paper for publication.
PY - 2011/4
Y1 - 2011/4
N2 - Introduction: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is influenced by norms and regulations, socioeconomic status and immediate personal interactions. SHS exposure may occur in various settings, including the living space, workplace, and other social environments. This study examines the association between exposure to SHS and nicotine dependence among current smokers. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 246 Black (60% male and 40% female) current smokers age 40 and older, from Baltimore, Maryland and Washington, D.C, responded to an interviewer-administered questionnaire. We examined nicotine dependence using clinical guidelines based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Text Revision (2000). We performed multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between SHS and nicotine dependence. Results: SHS exposure in the current home environment and exposure in settings outside the home, as well as difficulty to quit smoking and heaviness of smoking, were associated with nicotine dependence. After adjustment for age, gender, education, income, employment status, current alcohol consumption, history of marijuana use, and number of cigarettes smoked per day; exposure to SHS at home only, and in both current home environment and other settings, continued to be associated with clinically-defined nicotine dependence (OR = 2.25; 95% CI 1.05, 4.86 vs. OR = 2.31; 95% CI 1.03, 5.18), respectively. Discussion: These findings highlight the relative importance of examining SHS exposure in personal (residential and automobile) and public (workplace and outdoor) settings by current smokers. Promotion of smoke-free environments may reduce the prevalence of nicotine dependence among current smokers.
AB - Introduction: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is influenced by norms and regulations, socioeconomic status and immediate personal interactions. SHS exposure may occur in various settings, including the living space, workplace, and other social environments. This study examines the association between exposure to SHS and nicotine dependence among current smokers. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 246 Black (60% male and 40% female) current smokers age 40 and older, from Baltimore, Maryland and Washington, D.C, responded to an interviewer-administered questionnaire. We examined nicotine dependence using clinical guidelines based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Text Revision (2000). We performed multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between SHS and nicotine dependence. Results: SHS exposure in the current home environment and exposure in settings outside the home, as well as difficulty to quit smoking and heaviness of smoking, were associated with nicotine dependence. After adjustment for age, gender, education, income, employment status, current alcohol consumption, history of marijuana use, and number of cigarettes smoked per day; exposure to SHS at home only, and in both current home environment and other settings, continued to be associated with clinically-defined nicotine dependence (OR = 2.25; 95% CI 1.05, 4.86 vs. OR = 2.31; 95% CI 1.03, 5.18), respectively. Discussion: These findings highlight the relative importance of examining SHS exposure in personal (residential and automobile) and public (workplace and outdoor) settings by current smokers. Promotion of smoke-free environments may reduce the prevalence of nicotine dependence among current smokers.
KW - Clinical nicotine dependence
KW - Secondhand smoke (SHS)
KW - Smoking ban
KW - Tobacco-related disparities
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U2 - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.12.005
DO - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.12.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 21239118
AN - SCOPUS:79151475340
SN - 0306-4603
VL - 36
SP - 412
EP - 415
JO - Addictive Behaviors
JF - Addictive Behaviors
IS - 4
ER -